Editors & Editorial Board
Pictorial Editorial Board Directory
Editor-in-Chief
José G. Merino, MD, MPhil, FAAN, Washington, DC
Tel. 612-928-6400; Fax 612-454-2748
journal@neurology.org
Disclosures
Deputy Editor, Neurology
Olga Ciccarelli, MD, PhD, FRCP
London, United Kingdom
Disclosures
Deputy Editor for Editorial Education and
Associate Editor, Neurology
Bradford B. Worrall, MD, MSc, FAAN, Charlottesville, VA
Disclosures
Associate Editors, Neurology
Anthony A. Amato, MD, FAAN, Boston, MA
Disclosures
Rebecca Burch, MD, Boston, MA
Disclosures
Peter Hedera, MD, PhD, Louisville, KY
Disclosures
Linda A. Hershey, MD, PhD, FAAN, Oklahoma City, OK
Disclosures
Barbara C. Jobst, MD, PhD, FAAN, Lebanon, NH
Disclosures
Renée A. Shellhaas, MD, MS, Ann Arbor, MI
Disclosures
Assistant Editors, Neurology
Jonathan Graff-Radford, MD, Rochester, MN
Disclosures
Jennifer Graves, MD, PhD, MAS, La Jolla, CA
Disclosures
Associate Editor, Neurology
Editor, Neurology® Clinical Practice
John R. Corboy, MD, FAAN
Disclosures
Associate Editor, Neurology
Editor, Neurology® Genetics
Stefan M. Pulst, MD, FAAN
Disclosures
Associate Editor, Neurology
Editor, Neurology® Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation
Josep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD
Disclosures
Associate Editor, Biostatistics
Richard J. Kryscio, PhD
Associate Editor, Classification of Evidence Evaluations
Gary S. Gronseth, MD, FAAN
Associate Editors, Equity, Diversity & Inclusion
Roy H. Hamilton, MD, MS, FAAN
Holly E. Hinson, MD, MCR, FAAN
Editorial Office
Patricia K. Baskin, MS, Executive Editor
Rachel A. Anderson, Administrative Assistant
Adria Gottesman-Davis, PhD, Journal Editorial Manager
Kathleen M. Pieper, Senior Managing Editor, Neurology
Karen Skaja, Senior Editorial Coordinator
Skyler M. Kane, Editorial Coordinator
Margaret A. Rei, Editorial Coordinator
Lee Ann Kleffman, Managing Editor, Neurology: Clinical Practice
Morgan S. Sorenson, Managing Editor
Neurology: Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation
Neurology: Genetics
Andrea Rahkola, Production Editor
Kristen Swendsrud, Production Coordinator
Sharon L. Quimby, Digital Managing Editor
Kaitlyn Aman Ramm, Digital Multimedia/Graphics Coordinator
Section Editors
Basic Science in the Clinic
Eduardo E. Benarroch, MD, FAAN
Biostatistics
Sue Leurgans, PhD
V. Shane Pankratz, PhD
Continuing Medical Education
Adam G. Kelly, MD, FAAN
James W.M. Owens, Jr., MD, PhD
Disputes & Debates
Steven Galetta, MD, FAAN, Editor
Aravind Ganesh, MD, DPhil, Deputy Disputes & Debates Editor
Ariane Lewis, MD, Deputy Disputes & Debates Editor
James E. Siegler III, MD, Deputy Disputes & Debates Editor
Equity, Diversity & Inclusion
Jeffrey C. McClean II, MD, FAAN
Nicte I. Mejia, MD, MPH, FAAN
Nicole Rosendale, MD
Humanities in Neurology
Ludwig Gutmann, MD, FAAN, Senior Consulting Editor
Lealani Mae Y. Acosta, MD, MPH
Heidi George Moawad, MD
Innovations in Care Delivery
Brian C. Callaghan, MD
Kevin A. Kerber, MD
Patient Page
Steven Karceski, MD
David C. Spencer, MD
Podcasts
Stacey L. Clardy, MD, PhD, FAAN
Jeffrey B. Ratliff, MD, Deputy Podcast Editor
Resident & Fellow Section
Roy E. Strowd III, MD
Whitley W. Aamodt, MD, MPH, Deputy R&F Editor
Supplements
Jonathan P. Hosey, MD, FAAN
Without Borders
Gretchen L. Birbeck, MD, MPH, DTMH, FAAN
Ombudsman
Jonathan W. Mink, MD, PhD, FAAN
Scientific Integrity Advisor
David S. Knopman, MD, FAAN
Past Editors-in-Chief
Russell N. DeJong, MD (1951-1977)
Lewis P. Rowland, MD, FAAN (1977-1987)
Robert B. Daroff, MD, FAAN (1987-1997)
Robert C. Griggs, MD, FAAN (1997-2007)
John H. Noseworthy, MD, FAAN (2007-2009)
Robert A. Gross, MD, PhD, FAAN (2009–2020)
Academy Officers
James C. Stevens, MD, FAAN, President
Orly Avitzur, MD, MBA, FAAN, President Elect
Ann H. Tilton, MD, FAAN, Vice President
Carlayne E. Jackson, MD, FAAN, Secretary
Janis M. Miyasaki, MD, MEd, FRCPC, FAAN, Treasurer
Ralph L. Sacco, MD, MS, FAAN, Past President
CEO, American Academy of Neurology
Mary E. Post, MBA, CAE
20l Chicago Avenue
Minneapolis, MN 55415
Tel: 612-928-6100
Publisher
Wolters Kluwer
Baltimore, MD
Publishing Staff
Sarah Carrera, MBA, Executive Publisher
Jessica Heise, Production Team Leader, Neurology Journals
Megen Miller, Production Editor
Stacy Drossner, Production Associate
Steve Rose, Editorial Assistant
International Editions
Argentinian – Ricardo Reisin, MD
Japanese – Nobutaka Hattori, MD, PhD
Editorial Board
Roger L. Albin, MD, Ann Arbor, MI
Corrado I. Angelini, MD, Venice, Italy
Carmel Armon, MD, FAAN, Tel Aviv, Israel
Oliver Bandmann, MD, PhD, FAAN, Sheffield, UK
Brenda Banwell, MD, FRCPC, Philadelphia, PA
Sergio E. Baranzini, PhD, San Francisco, CA
Frederik Barkhof, MD, PhD, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
David A. Bennett, MD, Chicago, IL
Anne T. Berg, PhD, Chicago, IL
Andrea Bernasconi, MD, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Frank Birklein, MD, PhD, Mainz, Germany
Dennis Bourdette, MD, FAAN, Portland, OR
Amy Brodtmann, MD, PhD, FRACP, Melbourne, Australia
Devin L. Brown, MD, Ann Arbor, MI
John C. M. Brust, MD, FAAN, New York, NY
Bruce C. V. Campbell, PhD, Melbourne, Australia
Fernando Cendes, MD, PhD, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
Colin H. Chalk, MDCM, FRCPC, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Seemant Chaturvedi, MD, FAAN, Miami, FL
Robert Chen, MBBChir, MSc, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Kelvin L. Chou, MD, FAAN, Ann Arbor, MI
Marinos C. Dalakas, MD, FAAN, Philadelphia, PA
Lisa M. DeAngelis, MD, FAAN, New York, NY
Robert J. Fox, MD, FAAN, Cleveland, OH
Ansgar J. Furst, MSc, PhD, Stanford, CA
Steven Galetta, MD, FAAN, New York, NY
Jeroen J.G. Geurts, PhD, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
M. Maria Glymour, ScD, San Francisco, CA
Peter J. Goadsby, MD, DSc, San Francisco, CA
Larry B. Goldstein, MD, FAAN, Lexington, KY
Nicole R. Gonzales, MD Houston, TX
Clifton L. Gooch, MD, FAAN, Tampa, FL
Renzo Guerrini, MD, Florence, Italy
Amanda C. Guidon, MD, Boston, MA
Oskar Hansson, MD, PhD, Malmö, Sweden
Noam Y. Harel, MD, PhD, New York, NY
Judith U. Harrer, MD, Saarbrücken, Germany
Adam L. Hartman, MD, FAAN, Bethesda, MD
Geoffrey L. Heyer, MD, Columbus, OH
Reinhard Hohlfeld, MD, Munich, Germany
Rebecca N. Ichord, MD, Philadelphia, PA
Nathalie Jette, MD, MSc, FRCPC, New York, NY
Glen C. Jickling, MD, MAS, FRCPC, Sacramento, CA
Larry Junck, MD, Ann Arbor, MI
Lalit Kalra, FRCP, PhD, London, United Kingdom
Peter B. Kang, MD, FAAN, Gainesville, FL
Mira Katan, MD, MS, Zurich, Switzerland
Joep Killestein, MD, PhD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Christopher J. Klein, MD, Rochester, MN
David S. Knopman, MD, FAAN, Rochester, MN
Susan M. Landau, PhD, Berkeley, CA
Mark S. LeDoux, MD, PhD, FAAN, Memphis, TN
Richard J. Leventer, MBBS, BMedSci, FRACP, PhD, Melbourne, Australia
Richard B. Lipton, MD, FAAN, New York, NY
Alberto Lleó, MD, PhD, Barcelona, Spain
Warren D. Lo, MD, FAAN, Columbus, OH
Svetlana Lorenzano, MD, PhD, MSc, Rome, Italy
Kenneth J. Mack, MD, PhD, FAAN, Rochester, MN
Jennifer J. Majersik, MD, MS, Salt Lake City, UT
Andrew L. Mammen, MD, PhD, Bethesda, MD
Randolph S. Marshall, MD, MS, FAAN, New York, NY
Kimford J. Meador, MD, FAAN, Stanford, CA
John W. Miller, MD, PhD, FAAN, Seattle, WA
Nils Muhlert, PhD, Manchester, UK
Phillip L. Pearl, MD, FAAN, Boston, MA
Toni S. Pearson, MD, St. Louis, MO
Joel S. Perlmutter, MD, FAAN, St. Louis, MO
Kathryn M. Rexrode, MD, MPH, Boston, MA
Maria A. Rocca, MD, Milan, Italy
Ingrid Scheffer, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, Melbourne, Australia
David Schiff, MD, FAAN, Charlottesville, VA
Kevin N. Sheth, MD, FAAN, New Haven, CT
Hitoshi Shinotoh, MD, Chiba, Japan
Eric E. Smith, MD, MPH, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Luciano A. Sposato, MD, MBA, London, Ontario. Canada
Michael Strupp, MD, FRCP Munich, Germany
Liu Lin Thio, MD, PhD, St. Louis, MO
Edwin Trevathan, MD, MPH, FAAN, Nashville, TN
Jack W. Tsao, MD, DPhil, FAAN, Memphis, TN
Kenneth L. Tyler, MD, FAAN, Aurora, CO
Angela Vincent, MBBS, FRCPath, FRS, Oxford, UK
Francois J.G. Vingerhoets, MD, Lausanne, Switzerland
Katja E. Wartenberg, MD, PhD, Leipzig, Germany
Nicole I. Wolf, MD, PhD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
E. Ann Yeh, MD, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Classification of Evidence Review Team
Melissa J. Armstrong, MD, Gainesville, FL
Richard L. Barbano, MD, PhD, FAAN, Rochester, NY
Richard M. Dubinsky, MD, MPH, FAAN, Kansas City, KS
Jeffrey J. Fletcher, MD, MSc, Ann Arbor, MI
Gary M. Franklin, MD, MPH, FAAN, Seattle, WA
David S. Gloss II, MD, MPH&TM, Charleston, WV
John J. Halperin, MD, FAAN, Summit, NJ
Jason Lazarou, MSc, MD, FRCPC, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Steven R. Messé, MD, FAAN, Philadelphia, PA
Pushpa Narayanaswami, MBBS, DM, FAAN, Boston, MA
Alex Rae-Grant, MD, FRCP(C), FAAN, Cleveland, OH