Skip to main content
Advertisement
  • Neurology.org
  • Journals
    • Neurology
    • Clinical Practice
    • Education
    • Genetics
    • Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation
  • Online Sections
    • Neurology Video Journal Club
    • Diversity, Equity, & Inclusion (DEI)
    • Innovations in Care Delivery
    • Practice Buzz
    • Practice Current
    • Residents & Fellows
    • Without Borders
  • Collections
    • COVID-19
    • Disputes & Debates
    • Health Disparities
    • Infographics
    • Neurology Future Forecasting Series
    • Null Hypothesis
    • Patient Pages
    • Topics A-Z
    • Translations
  • Podcast
  • CME
  • About
    • About the Journals
    • Contact Us
    • Editorial Board
  • Authors
    • Submit New Manuscript
    • Submit Revised Manuscript
    • Author Center

Advanced Search

Main menu

  • Neurology.org
  • Journals
    • Neurology
    • Clinical Practice
    • Education
    • Genetics
    • Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation
  • Online Sections
    • Neurology Video Journal Club
    • Diversity, Equity, & Inclusion (DEI)
    • Innovations in Care Delivery
    • Practice Buzz
    • Practice Current
    • Residents & Fellows
    • Without Borders
  • Collections
    • COVID-19
    • Disputes & Debates
    • Health Disparities
    • Infographics
    • Neurology Future Forecasting Series
    • Null Hypothesis
    • Patient Pages
    • Topics A-Z
    • Translations
  • Podcast
  • CME
  • About
    • About the Journals
    • Contact Us
    • Editorial Board
  • Authors
    • Submit New Manuscript
    • Submit Revised Manuscript
    • Author Center
  • Home
  • Latest Articles
  • Current Issue
  • Past Issues
  • Neurology Video Journal Club
  • Residents & Fellows

User menu

  • Subscribe
  • My Alerts
  • Log in

Search

  • Advanced search
Neurology
Home
The most widely read and highly cited peer-reviewed neurology journal
  • Subscribe
  • My Alerts
  • Log in
Site Logo
  • Home
  • Latest Articles
  • Current Issue
  • Past Issues
  • Neurology Video Journal Club
  • Residents & Fellows

Share

February 28, 2023; 100 (9) Research Article

Therapeutic Response in Pediatric Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

View ORCID ProfileRaffaella Pizzolato Umeton, Michael Waltz, Gregory S. Aaen, Leslie Benson, Mark Gorman, Manu Goyal, Jennifer S. Graves, Yolanda Harris, Lauren Krupp, Timothy E. Lotze, Nikita M. Shukla, Soe Mar, Jayne Ness, Mary Rensel, Teri Schreiner, Jan-Mendelt Tillema, Shelly Roalstad, Moses Rodriguez, John Rose, Emmanuelle Waubant, Bianca Weinstock-Guttman, Charles Casper, Tanuja Chitnis, on behalf of the US Network of Pediatric MS Centers
First published December 2, 2022, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000201625
Raffaella Pizzolato Umeton
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Raffaella Pizzolato Umeton
Michael Waltz
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Gregory S. Aaen
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Leslie Benson
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Mark Gorman
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Manu Goyal
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Jennifer S. Graves
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Yolanda Harris
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Lauren Krupp
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Timothy E. Lotze
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Nikita M. Shukla
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Soe Mar
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Jayne Ness
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Mary Rensel
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Teri Schreiner
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Jan-Mendelt Tillema
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Shelly Roalstad
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Moses Rodriguez
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
John Rose
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Emmanuelle Waubant
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Bianca Weinstock-Guttman
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Charles Casper
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Tanuja Chitnis
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
From the Mass General Brigham Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (R.P.U., T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Harvard Medical School (R.P.U., T.C.), Boston; Neurology Department (R.P.U.), University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester; Department of Pediatrics (M.W., C.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital; CA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program at Boston Children's Hospital (L.B., Mark Gorman), MA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases Center (Manu Goyal, S.M.), Washington University, St. Louis, MO; Department of Neuroscience (J.S.G.), University of California San Diego; UAB Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.H.-A.C., J.N.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; Pediatric MS Center at NYU Langone Health (L.K.), New York; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L., N.M.S.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (Mary Rensel), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Mayo Clinic (J.-M.T., Moses Rodriguez), Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (S.R., J.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), Weil Institute of Neuroscience, University of California San Francisco; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and Brigham MS Center (T.C.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
Full PDF
Short Form
Citation
Therapeutic Response in Pediatric Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
Raffaella Pizzolato Umeton, Michael Waltz, Gregory S. Aaen, Leslie Benson, Mark Gorman, Manu Goyal, Jennifer S. Graves, Yolanda Harris, Lauren Krupp, Timothy E. Lotze, Nikita M. Shukla, Soe Mar, Jayne Ness, Mary Rensel, Teri Schreiner, Jan-Mendelt Tillema, Shelly Roalstad, Moses Rodriguez, John Rose, Emmanuelle Waubant, Bianca Weinstock-Guttman, Charles Casper, Tanuja Chitnis, on behalf of the US Network of Pediatric MS Centers
Neurology Feb 2023, 100 (9) e985-e994; DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000201625

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Permissions

Make Comment

See Comments

Downloads
105

Share

  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Disclosures
Loading

This article requires a subscription to view the full text. If you have a subscription you may use the login form below to view the article. Access to this article can also be purchased.

Abstract

Background and Objective Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare autoimmune condition, which can lead to significant disability, and up to 3%–5% of the cases have a pediatric onset. There are limited studies to guide physicians in disease-modifying treatment (DMT) choices for children with NMOSD.

Methods This retrospective cohort study evaluated children with NMOSD cases followed at 12 clinics in the US Network of Pediatric MS Centers. Cases were classified as aquaporin-4 antibody positive (AQP4+) and double seronegative (DS) when negative for AQP4+ and for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody. The effect of initial DMTs including rituximab, mycophenolate, azathioprine, and IV immunoglobulin (IVIg) on the annualized relapse rate (ARR) was assessed by negative binomial regression. Time to disability progression (EDSS score increase ≥1.0 point) was modeled with a Cox proportional-hazards model.

Results A total of 91 children with NMOSD were identified: 77 AQP4+ and 14 DS (85.7% females; 43.2% White and 46.6% African American). Eighty-one patients were started on a DMT, and 10 were treatment naive at the time of the analysis. The ARR calculated in all serogroups was 0.25 (95% CI 0.13–0.49) for rituximab, 0.33 (95% CI 0.19–0.58) for mycophenolate, 0.40 (95% CI 0.13–1.24) for azathioprine, and 0.54 (95% CI 0.28–1.04) for IVIg. The ARR in the AQP4+ subgroup was 0.28 (95% CI 0.14–0.55) for rituximab, 0.39 (95% CI 0.21–0.70) for mycophenolate, 0.41 (95% CI 0.13–1.29) for azathioprine, and 0.54 (95% CI 0.23–1.26) for IVIg. The ARR in the treatment-naive group was 0.97 (95% CI 0.58–1.60) in all serogroups and 0.91 (95% CI 0.53–1.56) in the AQP4+ subgroup. None of the initial DMT had a statistically significant effect on EDSS progression.

Discussion The use of DMTs, particularly rituximab, is associated with a lowered annualized relapse rate in children with NMOSD AQP4+.

Classification of Evidence This study provides Class IV evidence that use of disease-modifying treatments is associated with a lowered annualized relapse rate in children with NMOSD AQP4+.

Glossary

ARR=
annualized relapse rate;
DCAC=
Data Coordinating and Analysis Center;
DMTs=
disease-modifying treatments;
EDSS=
Expanded Disability Status Scale;
LETM=
longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis;
MS=
multiple sclerosis;
NMOSD=
neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder

Footnotes

  • Go to Neurology.org/N for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the article.

  • Submitted and externally peer reviewed. The handling editor was Associate Editor Renee Shellhaas, MD, MS.

  • Class of Evidence: NPub.org/coe

  • Received January 7, 2022.
  • Accepted in final form October 12, 2022.
  • © 2022 American Academy of Neurology
View Full Text

AAN Members

We have changed the login procedure to improve access between AAN.com and the Neurology journals. If you are experiencing issues, please log out of AAN.com and clear history and cookies. (For instructions by browser, please click the instruction pages below). After clearing, choose preferred Journal and select login for AAN Members. You will be redirected to a login page where you can log in with your AAN ID number and password. When you are returned to the Journal, your name should appear at the top right of the page.

Google Safari Microsoft Edge Firefox

Click here to login

AAN Non-Member Subscribers

Click here to login

Purchase access

For assistance, please contact:
AAN Members (800) 879-1960 or (612) 928-6000 (International)
Non-AAN Member subscribers (800) 638-3030 or (301) 223-2300 option 3, select 1 (international)

Sign Up
Information on how to subscribe to Neurology and Neurology: Clinical Practice can be found here 

Purchase
Individual access to articles is available through the Add to Cart option on the article page.  Access for 1 day (from the computer you are currently using) is US$ 39.00.  Pay-per-view content is for the use of the payee only, and content may not be further distributed by print or electronic means.  The payee may view, download, and/or print the article for his/her personal, scholarly, research, and educational use.  Distributing copies (electronic or otherwise) of the article is not allowed.

Letters: Rapid online correspondence

No comments have been published for this article.
Comment

REQUIREMENTS

If you are uploading a letter concerning an article:
You must have updated your disclosures within six months: http://submit.neurology.org

Your co-authors must send a completed Publishing Agreement Form to Neurology Staff (not necessary for the lead/corresponding author as the form below will suffice) before you upload your comment.

If you are responding to a comment that was written about an article you originally authored:
You (and co-authors) do not need to fill out forms or check disclosures as author forms are still valid
and apply to letter.

Submission specifications:

  • Submissions must be < 200 words with < 5 references. Reference 1 must be the article on which you are commenting.
  • Submissions should not have more than 5 authors. (Exception: original author replies can include all original authors of the article)
  • Submit only on articles published within 6 months of issue date.
  • Do not be redundant. Read any comments already posted on the article prior to submission.
  • Submitted comments are subject to editing and editor review prior to posting.

More guidelines and information on Disputes & Debates

Compose Comment

More information about text formats

Plain text

  • No HTML tags allowed.
  • Web page addresses and e-mail addresses turn into links automatically.
  • Lines and paragraphs break automatically.
Author Information
NOTE: The first author must also be the corresponding author of the comment.
First or given name, e.g. 'Peter'.
Your last, or family, name, e.g. 'MacMoody'.
Your email address, e.g. higgs-boson@gmail.com
Your role and/or occupation, e.g. 'Orthopedic Surgeon'.
Your organization or institution (if applicable), e.g. 'Royal Free Hospital'.
Publishing Agreement
NOTE: All authors, besides the first/corresponding author, must complete a separate Publishing Agreement Form and provide via email to the editorial office before comments can be posted.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.

Vertical Tabs

You May Also be Interested in

Back to top
  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Glossary
    • Methods
    • Results
    • Discussion
    • Study Funding
    • Disclosure
    • Acknowledgment
    • Appendix Authors
    • Footnotes
    • References
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Disclosures
Advertisement

Use of Whole-Genome Sequencing for Mitochondrial Disease Diagnosis

Dr. Robert Pitceathly and Dr. William Macken

► Watch

Related Articles

  • No related articles found.

Topics Discussed

  • All Pediatric
  • Class IV

Alert Me

  • Alert me when eletters are published
Neurology: 100 (12)

Articles

  • Ahead of Print
  • Current Issue
  • Past Issues
  • Popular Articles
  • Translations

About

  • About the Journals
  • Ethics Policies
  • Editors & Editorial Board
  • Contact Us
  • Advertise

Submit

  • Author Center
  • Submit a Manuscript
  • Information for Reviewers
  • AAN Guidelines
  • Permissions

Subscribers

  • Subscribe
  • Activate a Subscription
  • Sign up for eAlerts
  • RSS Feed
Site Logo
  • Visit neurology Template on Facebook
  • Follow neurology Template on Twitter
  • Visit Neurology on YouTube
  • Neurology
  • Neurology: Clinical Practice
  • Neurology: Education
  • Neurology: Genetics
  • Neurology: Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation
  • AAN.com
  • AANnews
  • Continuum
  • Brain & Life
  • Neurology Today

Wolters Kluwer Logo

Neurology | Print ISSN:0028-3878
Online ISSN:1526-632X

© 2023 American Academy of Neurology

  • Privacy Policy
  • Feedback
  • Advertise