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August 14, 2001; 57 (3) Articles

The prevalence of neuropsychiatric syndromes in systemic lupus erythematosus

H. Ainiala, J. Loukkola, J. Peltola, M. Korpela, A. Hietaharju
First published August 14, 2001, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.57.3.496
H. Ainiala
MD
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J. Loukkola
MA
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J. Peltola
MD
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M. Korpela
MD, PhD
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A. Hietaharju
MD, PhD
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Citation
The prevalence of neuropsychiatric syndromes in systemic lupus erythematosus
H. Ainiala, J. Loukkola, J. Peltola, M. Korpela, A. Hietaharju
Neurology Aug 2001, 57 (3) 496-500; DOI: 10.1212/WNL.57.3.496

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Abstract

Objective: To describe the prevalence of neuropsychiatric (NP) syndromes in a Finnish population of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to classify them according to the recently developed American College of Rheumatology (ACR) nomenclature and case definitions for NPSLE.

Methods: Cross-sectional, population-based study covering an area with 440,000 people. A total of 58 patients with a definite diagnosis of SLE and aged 16 to 65 years were found in the computerized database of the area hospitals. Of these, 46 (79%) agreed to participate. The diagnosis of various NP syndromes was based on clinical impression (H.A.) following history, examination, review of medical records, and neuropsychologic testing.

Results: At least one NP syndrome was identified in 42 patients (91%). The most frequent manifestation was cognitive dysfunction (n = 37; 81%), followed by headache (n = 25; 54%) and mood disorder (n = 20; 43%). When mild NP syndromes (mild cognitive deficit, headache, mild depression, anxiety, electroneuromyography-negative polyneuropathy) were excluded, the prevalence of NPSLE dropped to 46%.

Conclusions: According to the ACR nomenclature, there is a high prevalence of NP manifestations in a population-based sample of patients with SLE. Most NP syndromes were classified as minor; if they were excluded, the 46% prevalence of NPSLE would be slightly less than estimated in previous studies.

  • Received October 17, 2000.
  • Accepted April 7, 2001.
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Letters: Rapid online correspondence

  • Reply to Letter to the Editor
    • Hanna Ainiala, Tampere University Hospital Tampere Finlandjukkaps@koti.tpo.fi
    Submitted March 15, 2002
  • The prevalence of neuropsychiatric syndromes in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Ignacio Casas Parera, Buenos Aires Argentinaescabio08@yahoo.com
    • Sara Malagold
    Submitted March 15, 2002
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