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December 28, 2004; 63 (12) Article

Benefits of cognitive-motor intervention in MCI and mild to moderate Alzheimer disease

J. Olazarán, R. Muñiz, B. Reisberg, J. Peña-Casanova, T. del Ser, A. J. Cruz-Jentoft, P. Serrano, E. Navarro, M. L. García de la Rocha, A. Frank, M. Galiano, Y. Fernández-Bullido, J. A. Serra, M. T. González-Salvador, C. Sevilla
First published December 28, 2004, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/01.WNL.0000147478.03911.28
J. Olazarán
From Fundación Maria Wolff (Drs. Olazarán and Serrano, and R. Muñiz), Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Olazarán), CEP Hermanos Sangro, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Drs. Olazarán, Navarro, Galiano, and Fernández-Bullido) and Geriatría (Dr. Serra), Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Silberstein Aging and Dementia Research Center (Dr. Reisberg), NYU School of Medicine Medical Center, New York, NY; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Peña-Casanova), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. del Ser), Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganés; Unidad de Geriatría (Dr. Cruz-Jentoft), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Navarro), CEP Vicente Soldevilla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. García de la Rocha) and Psiquiatría (Dr. González-Salvador), Hospital Gómez Ulla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Frank), Hospital la Paz, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Galiano and Fernández-Bullido), CEP Moratalaz, Madrid; and Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Sevilla), Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
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R. Muñiz
From Fundación Maria Wolff (Drs. Olazarán and Serrano, and R. Muñiz), Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Olazarán), CEP Hermanos Sangro, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Drs. Olazarán, Navarro, Galiano, and Fernández-Bullido) and Geriatría (Dr. Serra), Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Silberstein Aging and Dementia Research Center (Dr. Reisberg), NYU School of Medicine Medical Center, New York, NY; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Peña-Casanova), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. del Ser), Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganés; Unidad de Geriatría (Dr. Cruz-Jentoft), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Navarro), CEP Vicente Soldevilla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. García de la Rocha) and Psiquiatría (Dr. González-Salvador), Hospital Gómez Ulla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Frank), Hospital la Paz, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Galiano and Fernández-Bullido), CEP Moratalaz, Madrid; and Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Sevilla), Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
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B. Reisberg
From Fundación Maria Wolff (Drs. Olazarán and Serrano, and R. Muñiz), Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Olazarán), CEP Hermanos Sangro, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Drs. Olazarán, Navarro, Galiano, and Fernández-Bullido) and Geriatría (Dr. Serra), Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Silberstein Aging and Dementia Research Center (Dr. Reisberg), NYU School of Medicine Medical Center, New York, NY; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Peña-Casanova), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. del Ser), Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganés; Unidad de Geriatría (Dr. Cruz-Jentoft), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Navarro), CEP Vicente Soldevilla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. García de la Rocha) and Psiquiatría (Dr. González-Salvador), Hospital Gómez Ulla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Frank), Hospital la Paz, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Galiano and Fernández-Bullido), CEP Moratalaz, Madrid; and Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Sevilla), Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
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J. Peña-Casanova
From Fundación Maria Wolff (Drs. Olazarán and Serrano, and R. Muñiz), Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Olazarán), CEP Hermanos Sangro, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Drs. Olazarán, Navarro, Galiano, and Fernández-Bullido) and Geriatría (Dr. Serra), Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Silberstein Aging and Dementia Research Center (Dr. Reisberg), NYU School of Medicine Medical Center, New York, NY; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Peña-Casanova), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. del Ser), Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganés; Unidad de Geriatría (Dr. Cruz-Jentoft), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Navarro), CEP Vicente Soldevilla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. García de la Rocha) and Psiquiatría (Dr. González-Salvador), Hospital Gómez Ulla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Frank), Hospital la Paz, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Galiano and Fernández-Bullido), CEP Moratalaz, Madrid; and Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Sevilla), Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
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T. del Ser
From Fundación Maria Wolff (Drs. Olazarán and Serrano, and R. Muñiz), Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Olazarán), CEP Hermanos Sangro, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Drs. Olazarán, Navarro, Galiano, and Fernández-Bullido) and Geriatría (Dr. Serra), Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Silberstein Aging and Dementia Research Center (Dr. Reisberg), NYU School of Medicine Medical Center, New York, NY; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Peña-Casanova), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. del Ser), Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganés; Unidad de Geriatría (Dr. Cruz-Jentoft), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Navarro), CEP Vicente Soldevilla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. García de la Rocha) and Psiquiatría (Dr. González-Salvador), Hospital Gómez Ulla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Frank), Hospital la Paz, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Galiano and Fernández-Bullido), CEP Moratalaz, Madrid; and Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Sevilla), Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
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A. J. Cruz-Jentoft
From Fundación Maria Wolff (Drs. Olazarán and Serrano, and R. Muñiz), Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Olazarán), CEP Hermanos Sangro, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Drs. Olazarán, Navarro, Galiano, and Fernández-Bullido) and Geriatría (Dr. Serra), Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Silberstein Aging and Dementia Research Center (Dr. Reisberg), NYU School of Medicine Medical Center, New York, NY; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Peña-Casanova), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. del Ser), Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganés; Unidad de Geriatría (Dr. Cruz-Jentoft), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Navarro), CEP Vicente Soldevilla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. García de la Rocha) and Psiquiatría (Dr. González-Salvador), Hospital Gómez Ulla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Frank), Hospital la Paz, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Galiano and Fernández-Bullido), CEP Moratalaz, Madrid; and Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Sevilla), Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
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P. Serrano
From Fundación Maria Wolff (Drs. Olazarán and Serrano, and R. Muñiz), Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Olazarán), CEP Hermanos Sangro, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Drs. Olazarán, Navarro, Galiano, and Fernández-Bullido) and Geriatría (Dr. Serra), Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Silberstein Aging and Dementia Research Center (Dr. Reisberg), NYU School of Medicine Medical Center, New York, NY; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Peña-Casanova), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. del Ser), Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganés; Unidad de Geriatría (Dr. Cruz-Jentoft), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Navarro), CEP Vicente Soldevilla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. García de la Rocha) and Psiquiatría (Dr. González-Salvador), Hospital Gómez Ulla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Frank), Hospital la Paz, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Galiano and Fernández-Bullido), CEP Moratalaz, Madrid; and Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Sevilla), Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
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E. Navarro
From Fundación Maria Wolff (Drs. Olazarán and Serrano, and R. Muñiz), Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Olazarán), CEP Hermanos Sangro, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Drs. Olazarán, Navarro, Galiano, and Fernández-Bullido) and Geriatría (Dr. Serra), Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Silberstein Aging and Dementia Research Center (Dr. Reisberg), NYU School of Medicine Medical Center, New York, NY; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Peña-Casanova), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. del Ser), Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganés; Unidad de Geriatría (Dr. Cruz-Jentoft), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Navarro), CEP Vicente Soldevilla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. García de la Rocha) and Psiquiatría (Dr. González-Salvador), Hospital Gómez Ulla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Frank), Hospital la Paz, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Galiano and Fernández-Bullido), CEP Moratalaz, Madrid; and Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Sevilla), Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
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M. L. García de la Rocha
From Fundación Maria Wolff (Drs. Olazarán and Serrano, and R. Muñiz), Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Olazarán), CEP Hermanos Sangro, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Drs. Olazarán, Navarro, Galiano, and Fernández-Bullido) and Geriatría (Dr. Serra), Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Silberstein Aging and Dementia Research Center (Dr. Reisberg), NYU School of Medicine Medical Center, New York, NY; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Peña-Casanova), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. del Ser), Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganés; Unidad de Geriatría (Dr. Cruz-Jentoft), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Navarro), CEP Vicente Soldevilla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. García de la Rocha) and Psiquiatría (Dr. González-Salvador), Hospital Gómez Ulla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Frank), Hospital la Paz, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Galiano and Fernández-Bullido), CEP Moratalaz, Madrid; and Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Sevilla), Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
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A. Frank
From Fundación Maria Wolff (Drs. Olazarán and Serrano, and R. Muñiz), Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Olazarán), CEP Hermanos Sangro, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Drs. Olazarán, Navarro, Galiano, and Fernández-Bullido) and Geriatría (Dr. Serra), Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Silberstein Aging and Dementia Research Center (Dr. Reisberg), NYU School of Medicine Medical Center, New York, NY; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Peña-Casanova), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. del Ser), Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganés; Unidad de Geriatría (Dr. Cruz-Jentoft), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Navarro), CEP Vicente Soldevilla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. García de la Rocha) and Psiquiatría (Dr. González-Salvador), Hospital Gómez Ulla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Frank), Hospital la Paz, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Galiano and Fernández-Bullido), CEP Moratalaz, Madrid; and Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Sevilla), Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
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M. Galiano
From Fundación Maria Wolff (Drs. Olazarán and Serrano, and R. Muñiz), Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Olazarán), CEP Hermanos Sangro, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Drs. Olazarán, Navarro, Galiano, and Fernández-Bullido) and Geriatría (Dr. Serra), Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Silberstein Aging and Dementia Research Center (Dr. Reisberg), NYU School of Medicine Medical Center, New York, NY; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Peña-Casanova), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. del Ser), Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganés; Unidad de Geriatría (Dr. Cruz-Jentoft), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Navarro), CEP Vicente Soldevilla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. García de la Rocha) and Psiquiatría (Dr. González-Salvador), Hospital Gómez Ulla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Frank), Hospital la Paz, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Galiano and Fernández-Bullido), CEP Moratalaz, Madrid; and Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Sevilla), Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
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Y. Fernández-Bullido
From Fundación Maria Wolff (Drs. Olazarán and Serrano, and R. Muñiz), Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Olazarán), CEP Hermanos Sangro, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Drs. Olazarán, Navarro, Galiano, and Fernández-Bullido) and Geriatría (Dr. Serra), Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Silberstein Aging and Dementia Research Center (Dr. Reisberg), NYU School of Medicine Medical Center, New York, NY; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Peña-Casanova), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. del Ser), Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganés; Unidad de Geriatría (Dr. Cruz-Jentoft), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Navarro), CEP Vicente Soldevilla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. García de la Rocha) and Psiquiatría (Dr. González-Salvador), Hospital Gómez Ulla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Frank), Hospital la Paz, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Galiano and Fernández-Bullido), CEP Moratalaz, Madrid; and Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Sevilla), Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
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J. A. Serra
From Fundación Maria Wolff (Drs. Olazarán and Serrano, and R. Muñiz), Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Olazarán), CEP Hermanos Sangro, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Drs. Olazarán, Navarro, Galiano, and Fernández-Bullido) and Geriatría (Dr. Serra), Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Silberstein Aging and Dementia Research Center (Dr. Reisberg), NYU School of Medicine Medical Center, New York, NY; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Peña-Casanova), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. del Ser), Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganés; Unidad de Geriatría (Dr. Cruz-Jentoft), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Navarro), CEP Vicente Soldevilla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. García de la Rocha) and Psiquiatría (Dr. González-Salvador), Hospital Gómez Ulla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Frank), Hospital la Paz, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Galiano and Fernández-Bullido), CEP Moratalaz, Madrid; and Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Sevilla), Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
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M. T. González-Salvador
From Fundación Maria Wolff (Drs. Olazarán and Serrano, and R. Muñiz), Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Olazarán), CEP Hermanos Sangro, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Drs. Olazarán, Navarro, Galiano, and Fernández-Bullido) and Geriatría (Dr. Serra), Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Silberstein Aging and Dementia Research Center (Dr. Reisberg), NYU School of Medicine Medical Center, New York, NY; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Peña-Casanova), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. del Ser), Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganés; Unidad de Geriatría (Dr. Cruz-Jentoft), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Navarro), CEP Vicente Soldevilla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. García de la Rocha) and Psiquiatría (Dr. González-Salvador), Hospital Gómez Ulla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Frank), Hospital la Paz, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Galiano and Fernández-Bullido), CEP Moratalaz, Madrid; and Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Sevilla), Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
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C. Sevilla
From Fundación Maria Wolff (Drs. Olazarán and Serrano, and R. Muñiz), Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Olazarán), CEP Hermanos Sangro, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Drs. Olazarán, Navarro, Galiano, and Fernández-Bullido) and Geriatría (Dr. Serra), Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Silberstein Aging and Dementia Research Center (Dr. Reisberg), NYU School of Medicine Medical Center, New York, NY; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Peña-Casanova), Hospital del Mar, Barcelona; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. del Ser), Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganés; Unidad de Geriatría (Dr. Cruz-Jentoft), Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Navarro), CEP Vicente Soldevilla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. García de la Rocha) and Psiquiatría (Dr. González-Salvador), Hospital Gómez Ulla, Madrid; Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Frank), Hospital la Paz, Madrid; Consulta de Neurología (Dr. Galiano and Fernández-Bullido), CEP Moratalaz, Madrid; and Servicio de Neurología (Dr. Sevilla), Hospital de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain.
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Full PDF
Citation
Benefits of cognitive-motor intervention in MCI and mild to moderate Alzheimer disease
J. Olazarán, R. Muñiz, B. Reisberg, J. Peña-Casanova, T. del Ser, A. J. Cruz-Jentoft, P. Serrano, E. Navarro, M. L. García de la Rocha, A. Frank, M. Galiano, Y. Fernández-Bullido, J. A. Serra, M. T. González-Salvador, C. Sevilla
Neurology Dec 2004, 63 (12) 2348-2353; DOI: 10.1212/01.WNL.0000147478.03911.28

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Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a cognitive-motor program in patients with early Alzheimer disease (AD) who are treated with a cholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI).

Methods: Patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (12), mild AD (48), and moderate AD (24) (Global Deterioration Scale stages 3, 4, and 5) were randomized to receive psychosocial support plus cognitive-motor intervention (experimental group) or psychosocial support alone (control group). Cognitive-motor intervention (CMI) consisted of a 1-year structured program of 103 sessions of cognitive exercises, plus social and psychomotor activities. The primary efficacy measure was the cognitive subscale of the AD Assessment Scale (ADAS-cog). Secondary efficacy measures were the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Functional Activities Questionnaire, and the Geriatric Depression Scale. Evaluations were conducted at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months by blinded evaluators.

Results: Patients in the CMI group maintained cognitive status at month 6, whereas patients in the control group had significantly declined at that time. Cognitive response was higher in the patients with fewer years of formal education. In addition, more patients in the experimental group maintained or improved their affective status at month 12 (experimental group, 75%; control group, 47%; p = 0.017).

Conclusions: A long-term CMI in ChEI-treated early Alzheimer disease patients produced additional mood and cognitive benefits.

  • Received November 10, 2003.
  • Accepted in final form August 31, 2004.
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Letters: Rapid online correspondence

  • Benefits of cognitive-motor intervention in MCI and mild to moderate Alzheimer disease
    • Harish C. Kavirajan, UCLA Geffen School of Medicine, 950 South Coast Drive, Suite 202, Costa Mesa, CA 92626hkaviraj@yahoo.com
    Submitted March 08, 2005
  • Reply to Kavirajan
    • Javier Olazarán, Fundación Maria Wolff, Montesa 11, E-28006 Madrid, Spainjavier@mariawolff.es
    • Ruben Muñiz
    Submitted March 08, 2005
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