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March 08, 2011; 76 (10) Articles

Use of ibuprofen and risk of Parkinson disease

Xiang Gao, Honglei Chen, Michael A. Schwarzschild, Alberto Ascherio
First published March 2, 2011, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e31820f2d79
Xiang Gao
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Honglei Chen
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Michael A. Schwarzschild
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Alberto Ascherio
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Citation
Use of ibuprofen and risk of Parkinson disease
Xiang Gao, Honglei Chen, Michael A. Schwarzschild, Alberto Ascherio
Neurology Mar 2011, 76 (10) 863-869; DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31820f2d79

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Abstract

Background: Neuroinflammation may contribute to the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease (PD). Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) in general, and possibly ibuprofen in particular, has been shown to be related to lower PD risk in previous epidemiologic studies.

Methods: We prospectively examined whether use of ibuprofen or other NSAIDs is associated with lower PD risk among 136,197 participants in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) free of PD at baseline (1998 for NHS and 2000 for HPFS). NSAIDs use was assessed via questionnaire. Results were combined in a meta-analysis with those of published prospective investigations.

Results: We identified 291 incident PD cases during 6 years of follow-up. Users of ibuprofen had a significantly lower PD risk than nonusers (relative risk [RR], adjusted for age, smoking, caffeine, and other covariates = 0.62; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.42–0.93; p = 0.02). There was a dose–response relationship between tablets of ibuprofen taken per week and PD risk (p trend = 0.01). In contrast, PD risk was not significantly related to use of aspirin (RR = 0.99; 95% CI 0.78–1.26), other NSAIDs (RR = 1.26; 95% CI 0.86–1.84), or acetaminophen (RR = 0.86; 95% CI 0.62–1.18). Similar results were obtained in the meta-analyses: the pooled RR was 0.73 (95% CI 0.63–0.85; p < 0.0001) for ibuprofen use, whereas use of other types of analgesics was not associated with lower PD risk.

Conclusions: The association between use of ibuprofen and lower PD risks, not shared by other NSAIDs or acetaminophen, suggests ibuprofen should be further investigated as a potential neuroprotective agent against PD.

Footnotes

  • Study funding: Supported by NIH/NINDS grant R01 NS048517, NIH K24NS060991, and in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. None of the sponsors participated in the design of this study or in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data.

  • BMI
    body mass index
    CI
    confidence interval
    HPFS
    Health Professionals Follow-up Study
    NHS
    Nurses' Health Study
    NSAID
    nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
    OR
    odds ratio
    PD
    Parkinson disease
    PPAR γ
    peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ
    RR
    relative risk

  • Editorial, page 854

  • Supplemental data at www.neurology.org

  • Received March 6, 2010.
  • Accepted October 4, 2010.
  • Copyright © 2011 by AAN Enterprises, Inc.
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