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April 24, 2012; 78 (17) Articles

Survival in MS

A randomized cohort study 21 years after the start of the pivotal IFNβ-1b trial

D.S. Goodin, A.T. Reder, G.C. Ebers, G. Cutter, M. Kremenchutzky, J. Oger, D. Langdon, M. Rametta, K. Beckmann, T.M. DeSimone, V. Knappertz
First published April 11, 2012, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182535cf6
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Article Information

vol. 78 no. 17 1315-1322
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182535cf6
PubMed: 
22496198
Published By: 
Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology
Print ISSN: 
0028-3878
Online ISSN: 
1526-632X
History: 
  • Received June 8, 2011
  • Accepted December 14, 2011
  • First Published April 11, 2012.

Article Versions

Copyright & Usage: 
Copyright © 2012 by AAN Enterprises, Inc.

Author Disclosures

    1. D.S. Goodin, MD*,
    2. A.T. Reder, MD*,
    3. G.C. Ebers, MD,
    4. G. Cutter, PhD,
    5. M. Kremenchutzky, MD,
    6. J. Oger, MD,
    7. D. Langdon, PhD,
    8. M. Rametta, DO,
    9. K. Beckmann, MSc,
    10. T.M. DeSimone, PhD and
    11. V. Knappertz, MD
  1. D.S. Goodin, MD*,
    2. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Bayer Schering Pharma; Merck Serono

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. Occasional community lectures, symposia and/or academic talks sponsored by; Bayer Schering Pharma; Teva Neuroscience; Merck Serono, and; Novartis. In many cases, travel costs were reimbursed.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. International MS Journal, Editorial Board, 2000-2009 Speakers’ Bureaus:; Bayer Schering Pharma

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers’ Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Bayer Schering; Novartis

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. I have served as an expert witness on various neurologic topics, 2008-2009

  2. A.T. Reder, MD*,
    3. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Abbott; ImmunoScience, Inc.; AstraZeneca; Merck Serono; Athena Diagnostics, Inc.; Sanofi- Aventis; Bayer Schering Pharma; Biogen Idec; BioMS Medical; Blue Cross Blue Shield; Boehringer Ingelheim; Caremark Rx; Centocor Ortho Biotech Inc.; Cephalon, Inc.; Connetics Corp.; CroMedica Global Inc.; Eli Lilly and Company; Elan Corporation; Genentech, Inc.; Genzyme Corporation; GlaxoSmithKline; Hoechst Marion Roussel Canada Research, Inc.; Roche; Immunex Corporation; Institute for Health Care Quality; Johnson & Johnson; Yale University; Barrow Neurological Institute; National Multiple Sclerosis Society & Paralyzed Veterans of America; Neurocrine Biosciences; Novartis; Parke-Davis; Pfizer Inc.; Pharmacia & Upjohn; Protein Design Labs, Inc.; Quantum Biotechnologies, Inc.; Quintiles, Inc.; EMD Serono, Inc., (39 Sention, Inc.; Smith Kline- Beecham; Specialized Therapeutics (a division of Berlipharm, Inc.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited; Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. Abbott; ImmunoScience, Inc.; AstraZeneca; Merck Serono; Athena Diagnostics, Inc.; Sanofi- Aventis; Bayer Schering Pharma; Biogen Idec; BioMS Medical; Blue Cross Blue Shield; Boehringer Ingelheim; Caremark Rx; Centocor Ortho Biotech Inc.; Cephalon, Inc.; Connetics Corp.; CroMedica Global Inc.; Eli Lilly and Company; Elan Corporation; Genentech, Inc.; Genzyme Corporation; GlaxoSmithKline; Hoechst Marion Roussel Canada Research, Inc.; Roche; Immunex Corporation; Institute for Health Care Quality; Johnson & Johnson; Yale University; Barrow Neurological Institute; National Multiple Sclerosis Society & Paralyzed Veterans of America; Neurocrine Biosciences; Novartis; Parke-Davis; Pfizer Inc.; Pharmacia & Upjohn; Protein Design Labs, Inc.; Quantum Biotechnologies, Inc.; Quintiles, Inc.; EMD Serono, Inc., (39 Sention, Inc.; Smith Kline- Beecham; Specialized Therapeutics (a division of Berlipharm, Inc.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited; Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Medlink/Neurobase Editorial Board, Arbor Publishing Corporation, San Diego, CA, 1999-Present; Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, Editorial Board, 2001- present; Türk Nöroloji Dergisi (Turkish Journal of Neurology), Editorial Board, 2004-present

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Abbott; ImmunoScience, Inc.; AstraZeneca; Merck Serono; Athena Diagnostics, Inc.; Sanofi- Aventis; Bayer Schering Pharma; Biogen Idec; BioMS Medical; Blue Cross Blue Shield; Boehringer Ingelheim; Caremark Rx; Centocor Ortho Biotech Inc.; Cephalon, Inc.; Connetics Corp.; CroMedica Global Inc.; Eli Lilly and Company; Elan Corporation; Genentech, Inc.; Genzyme Corporation; GlaxoSmithKline; Hoechst Marion Roussel Canada Research, Inc.; Roche; Immunex Corporation; Institute for Health Care Quality; Johnson & Johnson; Yale University; Barrow Neurological Institute; National Multiple Sclerosis Society & Paralyzed Veterans of America; Neurocrine Biosciences; Novartis; Parke-Davis; Pfizer Inc.; Pharmacia & Upjohn; Protein Design Labs, Inc.; Quantum Biotechnologies, Inc.; Quintiles, Inc.; EMD Serono, Inc., (39 Sention, Inc.; Smith Kline- Beecham; Specialized Therapeutics (a division of Berlipharm, Inc.); Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited; Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.

    Speakers’ Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Novartis; BioMS Medical; Eli Lilly and Company; Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.; Bayer Schering Pharma; EMD Serono, Inc.; Pfizer Inc.; Genentech, Inc.; Biogen Idec

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NIH/NINDS RO1 NS 051591, Site PI; NIH 1 K24 RR021948, PI

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. the National MS Society; the Brain Research Foundation; the American Academy of Allergy & Immunology; Howard Hughes Foundation; Egypt Arab Republic Peace Fellowship; Turkish Ministry of Defense Fellowship Award; the State of Illinois

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  3. G.C. Ebers, MD,
    4. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, funding for travel to meetings; Sanofi Aventis, speaker honorarium

    Editorial Boards:

    1. International MS Journal, Editorial Board, present; Multiple Sclerosis, Editorial Board, present; BMC Medical Genetics, Section Editor, 2010-present

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Biopartners; Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals; Howrey LLP; Heron Health

    Speakers’ Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Bayer Schering Pharma

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. MS Society of Canada Scientific Research Foundation, 2008-2011

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. I prepared 4 medico-legal reports, 2009-2011

  4. G. Cutter, PhD,
    5. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Participation of Data and Safety Monitoring Committees:; Sanofi-Aventis; Cleveland Clinic; Daichi- Sankyo; GlaxoSmithKline; Genmab Biopharmaceuticals; Eli Lilly; Medivation; Ono Pharmaceuticals; PTC Therapeutics; Teva; Vivus; Univ of Penn; NHLBI; NINDS; NMSS Consulting, Speaking fees & Advisory Boards:; Alexion; Bayhill; Bayer; Novartis; Consortium of MS Centers (grant); Klein-Buendel Incorporated; Peptimmune; Somnus Pharmaceuticals; Sandoz; Teva pharmaceuticals; UTSouthwestern; Visioneering Technologies, Inc

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. Consortium of MS Centers, speaker honoraria; Bayer, speaker honoraria

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Multiple Sclerosis, Editorial Board, 2010-present

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Consulting, Speaking fees & Advisory Boards:; Alexion; Bayhill; Bayer; Novartis; Consortium of MS Centers (grant); Klein-Buendel Incorporated; Peptimmune; Somnus Pharmaceuticals; Sandoz; Teva pharmaceuticals; UTSouthwestern; Visioneering Technologies, Inc

    Speakers’ Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NINDS Grant with Multiple Sclerosis as the patient population

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NIH/NINDS 5U01NS042685-06, PI, 2005-2015; NIH/NIDDK 1P30 DK079337, Co-I, 2008-2013; NIH/NINDS U01 NS45719-01A1, Co-I and Director of the Statistical and Data Management Center, 2003-2012; NIH/NIAID HHSN272201000023C, Co-I, 2010-2015; NIH/NIAIDS 5P30- A1027767, Co-I, 2009-2014; NMSS, Co-I, 2009-2013; NIH/NCRR 3UL1RR025777, Co-I, 2009-2011; NIH/NHLBI 5P50HL084923, Director of Coordinating Center, 2007-2012; NIH/NIA 2R01AG021927-06A1, Co-I, 2010-2015; NIH/NICHHD 1R01HD064729-01A1, Investigator/DCC PI, 2010- 2014; NIH/NIDDKD 2P30DK074038-06, Co-I, 2010-2015; CONSORTIUM OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS CENTERS 000352886, Director of Data Center, 2009-open; NIH/NIDDK 1R01DK078826, 2009-2012; NIH/NINDS 5T32NS054584-05, 2011-2012; NIH - UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA H48487-01, 2011-2012; NIH/NHLBI 1U01HL102235-01A1, 2010–2013

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Consortium of MS Centers

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  5. M. Kremenchutzky, MD,
    6. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. Funding for travel from; Biogen; Bayer; Teva

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Biogen; Bayer; Teva; Sanofi; Novartis; Serono

    Speakers’ Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Genzyme; Cell Gene; Biogen; Bayer; Teva; Sanofi; Novartis; Serono

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. CIHR

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. MS Society of Canada

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  6. J. Oger, MD,
    7. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Advisory Board for; Biogen Idec; Bayer; Novartis; DSMB for an investigator initiated trial on MS

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Multiple Sclerosis Journal, Editorial Board, 2000- 2011

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers’ Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. research grant from Bayer on the matter of neutralizing antibodies to Interferons (NABs) received by UBC.; fees for NAB laboratory services from the Medical Services of British Columbia; fee for NAB laboratory services from Cinnagen

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  7. D. Langdon, PhD,
    8. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Roche; Merck-Serono; Bayer; Novartis; Vertex

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. Presenting at scientific conferences:; Bayer; Novartis; Sanofi-Aventis; Serono Symposia

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders,Psychology and Fatigue Section Editor, 2011-present; European Neurological Review, Editorial Board, 2010-present I do not receive any compensation for these journal positions

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. Verbal and Spatial Reasoning Test, Psychology Press, 1995- present

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Bayer (Consultancy fees paid into my university charity account) Speakers’ Bureaus:; Serono; Bayer; Sanofi-Aventis; Novartis; Serono Symposia

    Speakers’ Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Bayer, unrestricted educational grant for PhD studentship, 2005-8; Bayer, research contract to collect cognition data in 21Y LTF study, 2010-11

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. RHUL/SGUL, PhD studentship, 2006-9

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  8. M. Rametta, DO,
    9. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers’ Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  9. K. Beckmann, MSc,
    10. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers’ Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  10. T.M. DeSimone, PhD and
    11. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. I am a medical writer at PAREXEL, which was funded by Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals to assist with the development of this manuscript.

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers’ Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  11. V. Knappertz, MD
    12. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals, Global Medical Affairs, Multiple Sclerosis

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers’ Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  1. From the Department of Neurology (D.S.G.), University of California, San Francisco; Department of Neurology (A.T.R.), University of Chicago, IL; University Department of Clinical Neurology (G.C.E.), John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK; Department of Biostatistics (G.C.), University of Alabama School of Public Health, Birmingham; London Health Sciences Center (M.K.), London, Canada; Neuroimmunology Laboratories and Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (J.O.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Psychology (D.L.), Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, UK; Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals (M.R.), Wayne, NJ; Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals (K.B.), Berlin, Germany; PAREXEL (T.M.D.), Hackensack, NJ; Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals (V.K.), Montville, NJ; and Heinrich-Heine-Universität (V.K.), Düsseldorf, Germany.
  1. Correspondence & reprint requests to Dr. Goodin: douglas.goodin{at}ucsf.edu
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