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April 30, 2013; 80 (18) Article

Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and risk of incident cognitive impairment

Georgios Tsivgoulis, Suzanne Judd, Abraham J. Letter, Andrei V. Alexandrov, George Howard, Fadi Nahab, Frederick W. Unverzagt, Claudia Moy, Virginia J. Howard, Brett Kissela, Virginia G. Wadley
First published April 29, 2013, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182904f69
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Article Information

vol. 80 no. 18 1684-1692
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182904f69
PubMed: 
23628929
Published By: 
Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology
Print ISSN: 
0028-3878
Online ISSN: 
1526-632X
History: 
  • Received September 20, 2012
  • Accepted in final form January 22, 2013
  • First Published April 29, 2013.
Copyright & Usage: 
© 2013 American Academy of Neurology

Author Disclosures

    1. Georgios Tsivgoulis, MD,
    2. Suzanne Judd, PhD,
    3. Abraham J. Letter, MS,
    4. Andrei V. Alexandrov, MD,
    5. George Howard, DrPH,
    6. Fadi Nahab, MD,
    7. Frederick W. Unverzagt, PhD,
    8. Claudia Moy, PhD,
    9. Virginia J. Howard, PhD,
    10. Brett Kissela, MD and
    11. Virginia G. Wadley, PhD
  1. Georgios Tsivgoulis, MD,
    2. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  2. Suzanne Judd, PhD,
    3. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  3. Abraham J. Letter, MS,
    4. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. WL Gore and Associates, Clinical Biostatistician since Jan 2012 working on clinical studies of aortic endoprostheses

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  4. Andrei V. Alexandrov, MD,
    5. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Commercial entity: Cerevast Therapeutics, Inc

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Brain and Behavior, Editor-in-Chief, 2011 - present Stroke, Editorial Board member, 1998 - present International Journal of Stroke, Associate Editor 2006- 2011 Cerebrovascular Diseases, Editorial Board member, 2011- present

    Patents:

    1. “Therapeutic Methods and Apparatus for Use of Sonication to Enhance Perfusion of Tissue” Inventors: Alexandrov AV, Aronowski J, Wojner AW US patent 6,733,450 (May 11, 2004) Assignee: Texas Systems, Board of Reagents

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. Alexandrov AV. Cerebrovascular Ultrasound in Stroke Prevention and Treatment. New York: Futura / Blackwell Publishing. 2003. ISBN 1- 4051-0381-7 Alexandrov AV. Cerebrovascular Ultrasound in Stroke Prevention and Treatment. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing (in Chinese) 2007. ISBN 7- 117-07389-6 Alexandrov AV. Cerebrovascular Ultrasound in Stroke Prevention and Treatment. (2nd Edition) Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell Publishers. 2011. 9781405195768.

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Commercial entity: Cerevast Therapeutics, Inc.

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical procedures or imaging studies:

    1. Comprehensive Stroke Center, UAB Hospital 60% effort on clinical stroke service; monitoring endovascular procedures and evaluating success of recanalization with imaging. 2007-till present.

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Commercial entity: Cerevast Therapeutics, Inc.

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NINDS, Project 4 CLOTBUST-Hands Free of the SPOTRIAS: University of Texas Specialized Program in Translational Research in Acute Stroke

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. Commercial entity: Cerevast Therapeutics, Inc.

    License fee payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. “Therapeutic Methods and Apparatus for Use of Sonication to Enhance Perfusion of Tissue” Inventors: Alexandrov AV, Aronowski J, Wojner AW US patent 6,733,450 (May 11, 2004) Assignee: Texas Systems, Board of Reagents Source of payment: Cerevast Therapeutics, Inc.

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. “Therapeutic Methods and Apparatus for Use of Sonication to Enhance Perfusion of Tissue” Inventors: Alexandrov AV, Aronowski J, Wojner AW US patent 6,733,450 (May 11, 2004) Assignee: Texas Systems, Board of Reagents Source of payment: Cerevast Therapeutics, Inc.

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  5. George Howard, DrPH,
    6. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. ARRIVE Study Executive Committee Board for Bayer Healthcare; served as a consultant in for an FDA application for Abbott Vascular; Advisory board for Boehringer Ingelheim, Brainsgate, Cerevast, CoAxia, LifeVest, MediciNova, Mitsubishi, and PhotoThera

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Stroke Section Editor Stroke and Cerebrovascular Disease Editorial Board

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Amgen - Treatment of Early Agressive Rheumatoid Arthritis - TEAR

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NINDS, PI, REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke - REGARDS (NS41588) NINDS, co-PI of Coordinating Center, Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy Stenting Trial - CREST (NS38384) NIAMS, co-PI, Consortium for the Longitudinal Evaluation of African Americans with Early Rheumatoid Arthritis - (AR02247) NICHD, co-PI, Vaginal Ultrasound Cerclage Trial HD39939 NINDS, co-I, Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Stroke - SPS3 (NS038529) NHLBI, co-I, SCCOR in Cardiac Dysfunction, (HL77100) NINDS, co-I, Psychosocial impact of stroke on family caregivers (NS34789)

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. (1) Pfizer legal issues, consultant, 2012

  6. Fadi Nahab, MD,
    7. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. National Stroke Association speaker honoraria

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  7. Frederick W. Unverzagt, PhD,
    8. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Neuropsychology, Editorial Board, 2007-present

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. UCB Pharma

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Posit Science Inc.

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. R01 AG026096, PI, 2006-2011 U01 NR004508, PI, 2008–2011 R01 AG09956, CoI, 1991-2011 P30 AG10133, CoI, 1991-2011 U01 NS041588, CoI, 2007-2012 ITRAC, PI, 2008-2009 RSGPB04-089-01-PBP, ACS, CoI, 2004-2009

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. Eli Lilly

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  8. Claudia Moy, PhD,
    9. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. currently a Federal government employee

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  9. Virginia J. Howard, PhD,
    10. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Self - (1) Serve on DSMB for NIH-NIDA Immediate family member scientific advisory boards for: (1) NHLBI cohort study, (2) the ARRIVE Study (Bayer Healthcare) Spouse served on DSMBs for: (1) PhotoThera, (2) Medicinova, (3) Univ of London

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Personal - NIH review committees Immediate family member consulting: NIH review committees

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. Self: 1) NIH-NINDS, NS41588, co-PI, 2001- present, (2) NIH-NINDS, NS38384, co-investigator, 1999-present, (3) NIH-NINDS NS061846, co- investigator, 2008-present, (4) NIH-NIA AG039588, PI, 2011-present (5) CDC, FY10OHDLZCO, 2009-present, co- investigator. Spouse: 1) NIH-NINDS, NS41588, co-PI, 2001- present, (2) NIH-NINDS, NS38384, co-investigator, 1999-present

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  10. Brett Kissela, MD and
    11. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) for Allergan with compensation (scientific advisor)

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. Allergan, travel costs and honoraria for speaking

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other activities:

    1. Reata Pharmaceuticals--I will receive compensation to serve on the Event Adjudication Committee for the BEACON study, which they are sponsoring

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NIH funding for multiple grants

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. I have served as an expert witness in medicolegal cases related to stroke within the prior 2 years. In this capacity, I have performed chart reviews and been deposed on one occassion.

  11. Virginia G. Wadley, PhD
    12. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Amgen, Inc. Scientific Advisory Board

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. Amgen, Inc., travel expenses and honorarium

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research, editoral board, 2010-present, no compensation

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Genzyme Therapeutics, investigator-initiated grant, PI

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1)NIH, NO1 HC48047, Co-I, 1989-2013 (2)NIH, U01 NS51488, Co-I, 2007-2012 (3)NIH, R01 NS061846,Co-I, 2008-2013 (4)NIH, P30 AG022838,Co-I,2009-2014 (5)NIH, HHSN268200900047C, Co-I, 2009–2018 (6)NIH, R01 AG021958, Co-I, 2009–2014 (7)NIH, R01 AG039588, Co-I, 2011-2016 (8)Jefferson County [AL] Office of Senior Citizens Services, PI, 2006–2011 (9)NIH, R01 NS45789, Co-I. 2005-2011 (10)NIH, U01 AG14289, Co-I, 2008-2011 (11)NIH, R01 AG005739, Co-I, 2006–2011

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  1. From the Second Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Attikon Hospital, University of Athens, Greece; Comprehensive Stroke Center (G.T., A.V.A.), the Departments of Biostatistics (S.J., A.J.L., G.H.) and Epidemiology (V.J.H.), School of Public Health, and the Department of Medicine (V.G.W.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham; International Clinical Research Center (G.T.), St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic; the Department of Neurology (F.N.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; the Department of Psychiatry (F.W.U.), Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (C.M.), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and the Department of Neurology (B.K.), University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH. Coinvestigators are listed on the Neurology® Web site at www.neurology.org.
  1. Correspondence to Dr. Tsivgoulis: tsivgoulisgiorg{at}yahoo.gr
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