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Abstract
Objective: To estimate the prevalence of depression in persons with epilepsy (PWE) and the strength of association between these 2 conditions.
Methods: The MEDLINE (1948–2012), EMBASE (1980–2012), and PsycINFO (1806–2012) databases, reference lists of retrieved articles, and conference abstracts were searched. Content experts were also consulted. Two independent reviewers screened abstracts and extracted data. For inclusion, studies were population-based, original research, and reported on epilepsy and depression. Estimates of depression prevalence among PWE and of the association between epilepsy and depression (estimated with reported odds ratios [ORs]) are provided.
Results: Of 7,106 abstracts screened, 23 articles reported on 14 unique data sources. Nine studies reported on 29,891 PWE who had an overall prevalence of active (current or past-year) depression of 23.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 20.6%–28.31%). Five of the 14 studies reported on 1,217,024 participants with an overall OR of active depression of 2.77 (95% CI 2.09–3.67) in PWE. For lifetime depression, 4 studies reported on 5,454 PWE, with an overall prevalence of 13.0% (95% CI 5.1–33.1), and 3 studies reported on 4,195 participants with an overall OR of 2.20 (95% CI 1.07–4.51) for PWE.
Conclusions: Epilepsy was significantly associated with depression and depression was observed to be highly prevalent in PWE. These findings highlight the importance of proper identification and management of depression in PWE.
Glossary
- CCHS=
- Canadian Community Health Survey;
- CES-D=
- Center for Epidemiologic Studies–Depression Scale;
- CI=
- confidence interval;
- DSM-IV=
- Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition;
- HADS=
- Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale;
- HPA=
- hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal;
- ICD=
- International Classification of Diseases;
- ICPC=
- International Classification of Primary Care;
- K-6=
- Kessler-6;
- OR=
- odds ratio;
- PWE=
- persons with epilepsy;
- WMH-CIDI=
- World Mental Health–Composite Diagnostic Interview
Footnotes
Editorial, page 518
Go to Neurology.org for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the article.
Supplemental data at www.neurology.org
- Received May 23, 2012.
- Accepted August 28, 2012.
- © 2013 American Academy of Neurology
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