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April 15, 2014; 82 (15) Article

Congenital lethal motor neuron disease with a novel defect in ribosome biogenesis

Russell J. Butterfield, Tamara J. Stevenson, Lingyan Xing, Tara M. Newcomb, Benjamin Nelson, Wenqi Zeng, Xiang Li, Hsiao-Mei Lu, Hong Lu, Kelly D. Farwell Gonzalez, Jia-Perng Wei, Elizabeth C. Chao, Thomas W. Prior, Pamela J. Snyder, Joshua L. Bonkowsky, Kathryn J. Swoboda
First published March 19, 2014, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000305
Russell J. Butterfield
From the Departments of Neurology (R.J.B., T.M.N., J.L.B., K.J.S.) and Pediatrics (R.J.B., T.J.S., L.X., J.L.B., K.J.S.), Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program (R.J.B., T.M.N., B.N., K.J.S.), and Interdepartmental Program in Neurosciences (L.X.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT; Ambry Genetics (W.Z., X.L., H-M.L., H.L., K.D.F.G., J-P.W., E.C.C., P.J.S.), Aliso Viejo, CA; Division of Genetics & Metabolism (E.C.C.), University of California, Irvine; and Department of Molecular Pathology (T.W.P.), Ohio State University, Columbus.
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Tamara J. Stevenson
From the Departments of Neurology (R.J.B., T.M.N., J.L.B., K.J.S.) and Pediatrics (R.J.B., T.J.S., L.X., J.L.B., K.J.S.), Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program (R.J.B., T.M.N., B.N., K.J.S.), and Interdepartmental Program in Neurosciences (L.X.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT; Ambry Genetics (W.Z., X.L., H-M.L., H.L., K.D.F.G., J-P.W., E.C.C., P.J.S.), Aliso Viejo, CA; Division of Genetics & Metabolism (E.C.C.), University of California, Irvine; and Department of Molecular Pathology (T.W.P.), Ohio State University, Columbus.
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Lingyan Xing
From the Departments of Neurology (R.J.B., T.M.N., J.L.B., K.J.S.) and Pediatrics (R.J.B., T.J.S., L.X., J.L.B., K.J.S.), Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program (R.J.B., T.M.N., B.N., K.J.S.), and Interdepartmental Program in Neurosciences (L.X.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT; Ambry Genetics (W.Z., X.L., H-M.L., H.L., K.D.F.G., J-P.W., E.C.C., P.J.S.), Aliso Viejo, CA; Division of Genetics & Metabolism (E.C.C.), University of California, Irvine; and Department of Molecular Pathology (T.W.P.), Ohio State University, Columbus.
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Tara M. Newcomb
From the Departments of Neurology (R.J.B., T.M.N., J.L.B., K.J.S.) and Pediatrics (R.J.B., T.J.S., L.X., J.L.B., K.J.S.), Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program (R.J.B., T.M.N., B.N., K.J.S.), and Interdepartmental Program in Neurosciences (L.X.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT; Ambry Genetics (W.Z., X.L., H-M.L., H.L., K.D.F.G., J-P.W., E.C.C., P.J.S.), Aliso Viejo, CA; Division of Genetics & Metabolism (E.C.C.), University of California, Irvine; and Department of Molecular Pathology (T.W.P.), Ohio State University, Columbus.
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Benjamin Nelson
From the Departments of Neurology (R.J.B., T.M.N., J.L.B., K.J.S.) and Pediatrics (R.J.B., T.J.S., L.X., J.L.B., K.J.S.), Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program (R.J.B., T.M.N., B.N., K.J.S.), and Interdepartmental Program in Neurosciences (L.X.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT; Ambry Genetics (W.Z., X.L., H-M.L., H.L., K.D.F.G., J-P.W., E.C.C., P.J.S.), Aliso Viejo, CA; Division of Genetics & Metabolism (E.C.C.), University of California, Irvine; and Department of Molecular Pathology (T.W.P.), Ohio State University, Columbus.
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Wenqi Zeng
From the Departments of Neurology (R.J.B., T.M.N., J.L.B., K.J.S.) and Pediatrics (R.J.B., T.J.S., L.X., J.L.B., K.J.S.), Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program (R.J.B., T.M.N., B.N., K.J.S.), and Interdepartmental Program in Neurosciences (L.X.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT; Ambry Genetics (W.Z., X.L., H-M.L., H.L., K.D.F.G., J-P.W., E.C.C., P.J.S.), Aliso Viejo, CA; Division of Genetics & Metabolism (E.C.C.), University of California, Irvine; and Department of Molecular Pathology (T.W.P.), Ohio State University, Columbus.
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Xiang Li
From the Departments of Neurology (R.J.B., T.M.N., J.L.B., K.J.S.) and Pediatrics (R.J.B., T.J.S., L.X., J.L.B., K.J.S.), Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program (R.J.B., T.M.N., B.N., K.J.S.), and Interdepartmental Program in Neurosciences (L.X.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT; Ambry Genetics (W.Z., X.L., H-M.L., H.L., K.D.F.G., J-P.W., E.C.C., P.J.S.), Aliso Viejo, CA; Division of Genetics & Metabolism (E.C.C.), University of California, Irvine; and Department of Molecular Pathology (T.W.P.), Ohio State University, Columbus.
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Hsiao-Mei Lu
From the Departments of Neurology (R.J.B., T.M.N., J.L.B., K.J.S.) and Pediatrics (R.J.B., T.J.S., L.X., J.L.B., K.J.S.), Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program (R.J.B., T.M.N., B.N., K.J.S.), and Interdepartmental Program in Neurosciences (L.X.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT; Ambry Genetics (W.Z., X.L., H-M.L., H.L., K.D.F.G., J-P.W., E.C.C., P.J.S.), Aliso Viejo, CA; Division of Genetics & Metabolism (E.C.C.), University of California, Irvine; and Department of Molecular Pathology (T.W.P.), Ohio State University, Columbus.
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Hong Lu
From the Departments of Neurology (R.J.B., T.M.N., J.L.B., K.J.S.) and Pediatrics (R.J.B., T.J.S., L.X., J.L.B., K.J.S.), Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program (R.J.B., T.M.N., B.N., K.J.S.), and Interdepartmental Program in Neurosciences (L.X.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT; Ambry Genetics (W.Z., X.L., H-M.L., H.L., K.D.F.G., J-P.W., E.C.C., P.J.S.), Aliso Viejo, CA; Division of Genetics & Metabolism (E.C.C.), University of California, Irvine; and Department of Molecular Pathology (T.W.P.), Ohio State University, Columbus.
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Kelly D. Farwell Gonzalez
From the Departments of Neurology (R.J.B., T.M.N., J.L.B., K.J.S.) and Pediatrics (R.J.B., T.J.S., L.X., J.L.B., K.J.S.), Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program (R.J.B., T.M.N., B.N., K.J.S.), and Interdepartmental Program in Neurosciences (L.X.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT; Ambry Genetics (W.Z., X.L., H-M.L., H.L., K.D.F.G., J-P.W., E.C.C., P.J.S.), Aliso Viejo, CA; Division of Genetics & Metabolism (E.C.C.), University of California, Irvine; and Department of Molecular Pathology (T.W.P.), Ohio State University, Columbus.
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Jia-Perng Wei
From the Departments of Neurology (R.J.B., T.M.N., J.L.B., K.J.S.) and Pediatrics (R.J.B., T.J.S., L.X., J.L.B., K.J.S.), Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program (R.J.B., T.M.N., B.N., K.J.S.), and Interdepartmental Program in Neurosciences (L.X.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT; Ambry Genetics (W.Z., X.L., H-M.L., H.L., K.D.F.G., J-P.W., E.C.C., P.J.S.), Aliso Viejo, CA; Division of Genetics & Metabolism (E.C.C.), University of California, Irvine; and Department of Molecular Pathology (T.W.P.), Ohio State University, Columbus.
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Elizabeth C. Chao
From the Departments of Neurology (R.J.B., T.M.N., J.L.B., K.J.S.) and Pediatrics (R.J.B., T.J.S., L.X., J.L.B., K.J.S.), Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program (R.J.B., T.M.N., B.N., K.J.S.), and Interdepartmental Program in Neurosciences (L.X.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT; Ambry Genetics (W.Z., X.L., H-M.L., H.L., K.D.F.G., J-P.W., E.C.C., P.J.S.), Aliso Viejo, CA; Division of Genetics & Metabolism (E.C.C.), University of California, Irvine; and Department of Molecular Pathology (T.W.P.), Ohio State University, Columbus.
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Thomas W. Prior
From the Departments of Neurology (R.J.B., T.M.N., J.L.B., K.J.S.) and Pediatrics (R.J.B., T.J.S., L.X., J.L.B., K.J.S.), Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program (R.J.B., T.M.N., B.N., K.J.S.), and Interdepartmental Program in Neurosciences (L.X.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT; Ambry Genetics (W.Z., X.L., H-M.L., H.L., K.D.F.G., J-P.W., E.C.C., P.J.S.), Aliso Viejo, CA; Division of Genetics & Metabolism (E.C.C.), University of California, Irvine; and Department of Molecular Pathology (T.W.P.), Ohio State University, Columbus.
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Pamela J. Snyder
From the Departments of Neurology (R.J.B., T.M.N., J.L.B., K.J.S.) and Pediatrics (R.J.B., T.J.S., L.X., J.L.B., K.J.S.), Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program (R.J.B., T.M.N., B.N., K.J.S.), and Interdepartmental Program in Neurosciences (L.X.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT; Ambry Genetics (W.Z., X.L., H-M.L., H.L., K.D.F.G., J-P.W., E.C.C., P.J.S.), Aliso Viejo, CA; Division of Genetics & Metabolism (E.C.C.), University of California, Irvine; and Department of Molecular Pathology (T.W.P.), Ohio State University, Columbus.
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Joshua L. Bonkowsky
From the Departments of Neurology (R.J.B., T.M.N., J.L.B., K.J.S.) and Pediatrics (R.J.B., T.J.S., L.X., J.L.B., K.J.S.), Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program (R.J.B., T.M.N., B.N., K.J.S.), and Interdepartmental Program in Neurosciences (L.X.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT; Ambry Genetics (W.Z., X.L., H-M.L., H.L., K.D.F.G., J-P.W., E.C.C., P.J.S.), Aliso Viejo, CA; Division of Genetics & Metabolism (E.C.C.), University of California, Irvine; and Department of Molecular Pathology (T.W.P.), Ohio State University, Columbus.
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Kathryn J. Swoboda
From the Departments of Neurology (R.J.B., T.M.N., J.L.B., K.J.S.) and Pediatrics (R.J.B., T.J.S., L.X., J.L.B., K.J.S.), Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program (R.J.B., T.M.N., B.N., K.J.S.), and Interdepartmental Program in Neurosciences (L.X.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT; Ambry Genetics (W.Z., X.L., H-M.L., H.L., K.D.F.G., J-P.W., E.C.C., P.J.S.), Aliso Viejo, CA; Division of Genetics & Metabolism (E.C.C.), University of California, Irvine; and Department of Molecular Pathology (T.W.P.), Ohio State University, Columbus.
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Full PDF
Citation
Congenital lethal motor neuron disease with a novel defect in ribosome biogenesis
Russell J. Butterfield, Tamara J. Stevenson, Lingyan Xing, Tara M. Newcomb, Benjamin Nelson, Wenqi Zeng, Xiang Li, Hsiao-Mei Lu, Hong Lu, Kelly D. Farwell Gonzalez, Jia-Perng Wei, Elizabeth C. Chao, Thomas W. Prior, Pamela J. Snyder, Joshua L. Bonkowsky, Kathryn J. Swoboda
Neurology Apr 2014, 82 (15) 1322-1330; DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000000305

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Abstract

Objective: We describe a novel congenital motor neuron disease with early demise due to respiratory insufficiency with clinical overlap with spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress (SMARD) type 1 but lacking a mutation in the IGHMBP2 gene.

Methods: Exome sequencing was used to identify a de novo mutation in the LAS1L gene in the proband. Pathogenicity of the mutation was validated using a zebrafish model by morpholino-mediated knockdown of las1l.

Results: We identified a de novo mutation in the X-linked LAS1L gene in the proband (p.S477N). The mutation is in a highly conserved region of the LAS1L gene predicted to be deleterious by bioinformatic analysis. Morpholino-based knockdown of las1l, the orthologous gene in zebrafish, results in early lethality and disruption of muscle and peripheral nerve architecture. Coinjection of wild-type but not mutant human RNA results in partial rescue of the phenotype.

Conclusion: We report a patient with a SMARD phenotype due to a mutation in LAS1L, a gene important in coordinating processing of the 45S pre-rRNA and maturation of the large 60S ribosomal subunit. Similarly, the IGHMB2 gene associated with SMARD type 1 has been suggested to have an important role in ribosomal biogenesis from its role in processing the 45S pre-rRNA. We propose that disruption of ribosomal maturation may be a common pathogenic mechanism linking SMARD phenotypes caused by both IGHMBP2 and LAS1L.

GLOSSARY

cDNA=
complementary DNA;
DSHB=
Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank;
hpf=
hours postfertilization;
LAS1L=
LAS1-like (S cerevisiae);
NHLBI=
NIH Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute;
OMIM=
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man;
PBS=
phosphate-buffered saline;
rRNA=
ribosomal RNA;
SMARD=
spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress;
SNP=
single nucleotide polymorphism;
UTR=
untranslated region

Footnotes

  • Go to Neurology.org for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the article.

  • Editorial, page 1298

  • Supplemental data at Neurology.org

  • Received June 27, 2013.
  • Accepted in final form December 4, 2013.
  • © 2014 American Academy of Neurology
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