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January 06, 2015; 84 (1) Article

Factors associated with cognitive evaluations in the United States

Vikas Kotagal, Kenneth M. Langa, Brenda L. Plassman, Gwenith G. Fisher, Bruno J. Giordani, Robert B. Wallace, James R. Burke, David C. Steffens, Mohammed Kabeto, Roger L. Albin, Norman L. Foster
First published November 26, 2014, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000001096
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Article Information

vol. 84 no. 1 64-71
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000001096
PubMed: 
25428689
Published By: 
Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology
Print ISSN: 
0028-3878
Online ISSN: 
1526-632X
History: 
  • Received May 8, 2014
  • Accepted in final form September 15, 2014
  • First Published November 26, 2014.

Article Versions

Copyright & Usage: 
© 2014 American Academy of Neurology

Author Disclosures

    1. Vikas Kotagal, MD, MS,
    2. Kenneth M. Langa, MD, PhD,
    3. Brenda L. Plassman, PhD,
    4. Gwenith G. Fisher, PhD,
    5. Bruno J. Giordani, PhD,
    6. Robert B. Wallace, MD, MS,
    7. James R. Burke, MD, PhD,
    8. David C. Steffens, MD, MHS,
    9. Mohammed Kabeto, MS,
    10. Roger L. Albin, MD and
    11. Norman L. Foster, MD
  1. Vikas Kotagal, MD, MS,
    2. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Research support from the American Academy of Neurology Clinical Research Training Fellowship and the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan Foundation

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  2. Kenneth M. Langa, MD, PhD,
    3. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) NIA U01 AG09740, Co-I, 2009-2013; (2) NIA R01 AG030155, Co-I, 2009-2013

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  3. Brenda L. Plassman, PhD,
    4. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Zinfandel Pharmaceuticals

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NIH/NIDCR, R01 DE019110, Investigator, 4/09-4/14

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  4. Gwenith G. Fisher, PhD,
    5. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Dr. Fisher serves on (1) the editorial board of the Journal of Occupational Health Psychology (2013-present), (2) the editorial board of Work Aging, and Retirement (2013-present), and (3) the editorial board of Journal of Business and Psychology (2014-present).

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Dr. Fisher provided consulting services in the form of data analysis, interpretation, and report writing for the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) NIOSH/Mountain and Plains Education and Research Center, T42OH009229, Occupational Health Psychology Training Director, 2013-present, (2) NIOSH/CDC, Contract #254‐2010‐M‐37002, Principal Investigator, 2011-2013, (3) NIH/NIA, R37AG007137, Co-PI, 2005-2016, (4) NIH/NIA, U01 AG009740, Research Scientist, 2001-2013, (5) NIH/NIA, R03 AG042919, Co-PI, 2012-2014,

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. Dr. Fisher was employed as an Associate Research Scientist at the Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan until August, 2013. She is currently Assistant Professor of Psychology at Colorado State University (August, 2013-present) and Faculty Associate at the Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan.

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Alfred P. Sloan Foundation

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  5. Bruno J. Giordani, PhD,
    6. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. Book published by Springer Press: Neuropsychology of Children in Africa. Published one year ago, with royalties paid of $141.00.

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. Boivin (PI) 04/01/11 ? 1/31/16 0.78 Cal Mths Michigan State University / NIH-NHLBI $15,822 annual directs/subcontract Computerized Cognitive Rehabilitation in Ugandan Children after Severe Malaria This study investigates the utility of computerized cognitive rehabilitation training in children who have survived cerebral malaria with training aimed at specific cognitive domains our earlier longitudinal studies have identified. Role: Co-I. R01HL105999 Chervin (PI) 12/01/11 ? 11/30/16 0.6 Cal Mths NIH $455,318 annual directs Sleep-Disordered Breathing and CPAP after Adenotonsillectomy in Children This study evaluates the utility of CPAP treatment in children following tonsillectomy with particular reference to cognitive and behavioral features and linkages to newer neurophysiological assessment techniques. Role: Co-I R01 Lozoff (PI) 7/16/12 ? 6/30/17 0.24 Cal Mths NIH $408,874 annual directs Neuromaturational Delays in Iron Deficient Anemic Infants This study will determine long-term neurobiological effects of IDA in infancy, adult functional outcomes related to preventing IDA in infancy, and long-term effects of giving iron to iron-sufficient infants. Role: Co-I R34MH084782 (Boivin) 04/01/2010-03/31/2013 (NCTX 3/31/14) NIH/NIMH Neuropsychological Benefits of Cognitive Training in Ugandan HIV Children. This study will evaluate the neuropsychological benefits of computerized cognitive rehabilitation therapy (CCRT) for Ugandan school children with HIV. Role: Co-I P01NS015655 Frey (PI) 9/15/08 - 6/30/13 (NCTX 6/30/14) NIH/NINDS NCTX 7/31/13PET Study of Biochemistry and Metabolism of the CNS Evaluation of behavioral, sleep, cognitive, and other non- motorized factors associated with Parkinson?s Disease in relation to PET markers out of CNS functioning. Role: Co-I U01HL083219 Ellenberg (PI) 09/25/06 ? 07/31/11 (NCTX 7/31/13) NIH/NHLBI A Randomized Controlled Study of Adenotonsillectomy for Childhood Sleep Apnea A controlled study with sufficient representation of ethnic minorities and comprehensive follow-up to address the role of treatment in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, and the potential differential effectiveness among obese children and ethnic minorities. Role: Director of Neuropsychology Assessment and Quality Assurance Core. ADC-030-HBA Weintraub (PI) / Giordani (UM PI) 09/01/07 ? 12/31/12 NIH/NIA (Alzheimer?s Disease Cooperative Study) Multi-Center Trial to Evaluate Home-Based Assessment Methods for Alzheimer?s Disease Prevention Research in People Over 75 Years Old. Role: UM Principal Investigator 2P50 AG008671-16A1 NIH/NIA Gilman (PI) 06/01/05 ? 5/31/11 Michigan Alzheimer's Disease Research Center The major goal of this renewal is the study of the pathophysiologies of early cognitive manifestations of Alzheimer?s disease, emphasizing patients with mild cognitive impairment and very mild Alzheimer?s disease. Role: Associate Director: Center; Director: Clinical Core; Investigator: Projects 2 and 3 5T32HD07422 NICHD/NIH Tate (PI) 05/1/06-4/30/11 The U-M Medical Rehabilitation Research Training Program The purpose of this program is to provide at least two years of research training in medical rehabilitation to post-doctoral fellows in the disciplines of physiatry, psychology, rehabilitation engineering, neurophysiology, biomechanics and other related fields. Role: Director, Neuropsychology Training Core

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Pressler (PI) 7/1/12 ? 6/30/17 0.6 Cal Mths The Rita and Alex Hillman Foundation $591,425 annual directs Effectiveness and Implementation Science for Health Promotion and Chronic Illness Care in Vulnerable Populations This study will prepare the next generation of nurse scholars to lead health care reform. We plan to develop and evaluate a new 3-year PhD program focused on the substantive science areas of health promotion and chronic illness care in vulnerable populations and on intervention research that spans efficacy to effectiveness research and implementation science.

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  6. Robert B. Wallace, MD, MS,
    7. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Merck and Co.: Clinical trial safety monitoring Novartis Pharm: Clinical trial safety monitoring

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. National Institutes of Health

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. University of Texas at Austin University of Texas Galveston University of Michigan

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  7. James R. Burke, MD, PhD,
    8. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  8. David C. Steffens, MD, MHS,
    9. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. International Psychogeriatrics, Editorial Board two years

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. (1) The American Psychiatric Press Textbook of Geriatric Psychiatry, APPI, published in 2009

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NIMH grants R01 MH054846, R01 MH096725, and K24 MH070027

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  9. Mohammed Kabeto, MS,
    10. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  10. Roger L. Albin, MD and
    11. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Teva, Serving on DSMB for HD-PRIDE study.

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. Travel expenses reimbursed by Parkinson Study Group, Hereditary Disease Foundation.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. (1) Neurology - Editorial Board, 9 years; (2) Experimental Neurology - Editorial Board, 15 years; (3) Neurobiology of Disease - Editorial Board, 8 years.

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. CHDI Foundation Roger L. Albin, M.D, Principal Investigator P75 Neurotrophin Receptor Signaling in Huntington?s Disease Project Period: 09/01/12 ? 08/31/14 National Institutes of Health R01 NS070856; Nic Bohnen, MD, Principal Investigator Hyposmia, Cholinergic Denervation and Incipient Cognitive Decline in PD Project Period: 09/15/2010 ? 07/31/2015 Role: co-PI National Institutes of Health T32 NS007222; Eva L. Feldman, MD, PhD, Principal Investigator Training in Clinical and Basic Neurosciences Project Period: 07/01/2012 ? 06/30/2017 Role: co-PI Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson?s Research Nic Bohnen, MD, Principal Investigator The Role of Aβ in the Progression of Cognitive Impairment in PD: A Prospective Cohort Study Project Period: 02/01/13 - 01/31/18 Role: co-Investigator Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson?s Research Martijn Muller, PhD, Principal Investigator [18F]flubatine: a Novel Biomarker of Cholinergic α4β2 Nicotinic Receptors and Cognition in Parkinson?s Disease Project Period: 12/01/13 - 12/31/15 Role: co-Investigator National Institutes of Health K08 NS072183; Daniel K. Leventhal, MD, PhD, Principal Investigator Neuronal Oscillations and Dysregulated Motor Learning in Parkinsonian Rats Project Period: 05/01/2013 ? 04/30/2018 Role: co-Investigator National Institutes of Health R21 NS088302 Roger L. Albin, MD, Principal Investigator Cholinergic Interneurons in Tourette Syndrome 6/1/14-5/30/16 National Institutes of Health R25 Roger L. Albin, MD, Principal Investigator University of Michigan Clinical Neuroscientist Training Program (UMCNTP) Project Period: 09/01/14 ? 08/31/19

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. Goran, Lucow, Miller; medicolegal consulting; 2013-2014 Johnson & Wyngaarden; medicolegal consulting; 2012-2014

  11. Norman L. Foster, MD
    12. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Bristol-Myers Squibb: Diagnostic Adjudication Committee member (2) PAMS, Inc. Co-Owner and Employee (3) GE Healthcare ad hoc consultant (4) Piramal ad hoc consultant (5) Sanofi Interviewee (6) Lilly USA, LLC Ethics Advisory Board Member

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. (1) Human Amyloid Imaging travel reimbursement (2) Alzheimer's Association travel reimbursement (3) American Academy of Neurology honorarium (4) Society or Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging travel reimbursement (5) National Association for Continuing Education (Honorarium and travel reimbursement) (6) Bristol-Myers Squibb travel reimbursement (7) American Federation for Aging Research

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. (1) GE Healthcare (2) Piramal

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1) Baxter Bioscience/ADCS, Co-investigator, 2008-13 (2) Janssen Alzheimer Immunotherapy, Co-PI, 2008-13 (3) Eisai / ICON, site co-investigator, 2007-10 (4) GE Healthcare, 18F-39-F-6-OH-BTA1, Co-PI, 2011-14

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) Northern CA INST Research, AG024904-06, PI, 2012-15 (2) STTR, 1R41AG044147-01, Co-PI, 2012-13 (3) University of Utah, Co-investigator, 2011-12 (4) VA ORH, VISN 19-660, Project Director, 2013-14 (5) ADCS, CERE-110, Co-investigator (6) ADNI, AG024904-06, PI, 2012-15

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. (1) ADCS/University of California San Diego, ADC030, site co- investigator, 2008-12, (2) University of Pennsylvania, principal investigator, 2005- 09

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  1. From the Departments of Neurology (V.K., B.J.G., R.L.A.), Internal Medicine (K.M.L., M.K.), Psychiatry (B.J.G.), and Psychology (B.J.G.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Departments of Psychiatry (B.L.P.) and Neurology (J.R.B.), Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Department of Psychology (G.G.F.), Colorado State University, Fort Collins; Department of Epidemiology (R.B.W.), University of Iowa, Iowa City; Department of Psychiatry (D.C.S.), University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington; and Department of Neurology (N.L.F.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City.
  1. Correspondence to Dr. Kotagal: vikaskot{at}med.umich.edu
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Your co-authors must send a completed Publishing Agreement Form to Neurology Staff (not necessary for the lead/corresponding author as the form below will suffice) before you upload your comment.

If you are responding to a comment that was written about an article you originally authored:
You (and co-authors) do not need to fill out forms or check disclosures as author forms are still valid
and apply to letter.

Submission specifications:

  • Submissions must be < 200 words with < 5 references. Reference 1 must be the article on which you are commenting.
  • Submissions should not have more than 5 authors. (Exception: original author replies can include all original authors of the article)
  • Submit only on articles published within 6 months of issue date.
  • Do not be redundant. Read any comments already posted on the article prior to submission.
  • Submitted comments are subject to editing and editor review prior to posting.

More guidelines and information on Disputes & Debates

Compose Comment

More information about text formats

Plain text

  • No HTML tags allowed.
  • Web page addresses and e-mail addresses turn into links automatically.
  • Lines and paragraphs break automatically.
Author Information
NOTE: The first author must also be the corresponding author of the comment.
First or given name, e.g. 'Peter'.
Your last, or family, name, e.g. 'MacMoody'.
Your email address, e.g. higgs-boson@gmail.com
Your role and/or occupation, e.g. 'Orthopedic Surgeon'.
Your organization or institution (if applicable), e.g. 'Royal Free Hospital'.
Publishing Agreement
NOTE: All authors, besides the first/corresponding author, must complete a separate Publishing Agreement Form and provide via email to the editorial office before comments can be posted.
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