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Abstract
Objective: We sought to determine the association of dietary factors and risk of cognitive decline in a population at high risk of cardiovascular disease.
Methods: Baseline dietary intake and measures of the Mini-Mental State Examination were recorded in 27,860 men and women who were enrolled in 2 international parallel trials of the ONTARGET (Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination with Ramipril Global Endpoint Trial) and TRANSCEND (Telmisartan Randomised Assessment Study in ACE Intolerant Subjects with Cardiovascular Disease) studies. We measured diet quality using the modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to determine the association between diet quality and risk of ≥3-point decline in Mini-Mental State Examination score, and reported as hazard ratio with 95% confidence intervals with adjustment for covariates.
Results: During 56 months of follow-up, 4,699 cases of cognitive decline occurred. We observed lower risk of cognitive decline among those in the healthiest dietary quintile of modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index compared with lowest quintile (hazard ratio 0.76, 95% confidence interval 0.66–0.86, Q5 vs Q1). Lower risk of cognitive decline was consistent regardless of baseline cognitive level.
Conclusion: We found that higher diet quality was associated with a reduced risk of cognitive decline. Improved diet quality represents an important potential target for reducing the global burden of cognitive decline.
GLOSSARY
- BMI=
- body mass index;
- CHF=
- congestive heart failure;
- CI=
- confidence interval;
- CV=
- cardiovascular;
- FFQ=
- Food Frequency Questionnaire;
- HR=
- hazard ratio;
- mAHEI=
- modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index;
- MMSE=
- Mini-Mental State Examination;
- ONTARGET=
- Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination with Ramipril Global Endpoint Trial;
- TRANSCEND=
- Telmisartan Randomised Assessment Study in ACE Intolerant Subjects with Cardiovascular Disease
Footnotes
↵* These authors contributed equally to this work.
ONTARGET and TRANSCEND coinvestigators are listed on the Neurology® Web site at Neurology.org.
Go to Neurology.org for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the article.
Supplemental data at Neurology.org
- Received October 2, 2014.
- Accepted in final form February 19, 2015.
- © 2015 American Academy of Neurology
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