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January 05, 2016; 86 (1) Article

Association between age at onset of multiple sclerosis and vitamin D level–related factors

Julie Hejgaard Laursen, Helle Bach Søndergaard, Per Soelberg Sørensen, Finn Sellebjerg, Annette Bang Oturai
First published October 7, 2015, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000002075
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Abstract

Objective: To compare vitamin D level–associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in GC and CYP2R1, multiple sclerosis (MS) risk SNPs in CYP27B1, CYP24A1, and HLA-DRB1*1501, and adolescent exposure to environmental risk factors for hypovitaminosis D, with MS age at onset.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1,161 Danish patients with MS; lifestyle questionnaires and blood samples for genotyping were collected from all participants from 2009 to 2012. Information on age at onset was obtained from the Danish MS Treatment Registry. Written informed consent was obtained from all study participants, and the study was approved by the local ethics committee.

Results: Younger age at onset was significantly associated with low exposure to summer sun in adolescence, higher body mass index at 20 years of age, and the HLA-DRB1*1501 risk allele in both univariate analyses and in a multivariable regression analysis. No association was found between age at onset and any of the other SNPs or vitamin D–associated environmental factors.

Conclusion: We demonstrate an independent effect by HLA-DRB1*1501, adolescent summer sun habits, and body mass index at the age of 20 on age at onset of MS.

GLOSSARY

25(OH)D=
25-hydroxyvitamin D;
BMI=
body mass index;
CI=
confidence interval;
CYP24A1=
cytochrome P450, family 24, subfamily A, polypeptide 1;
CYP27B1=
cytochrome P450, family 27, subfamily B, polypeptide 1;
CYP2R1=
cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily R, polypeptide 1;
GC=
group-specific component (vitamin D binding protein);
HLA=
human leukocyte antigen;
MS=
multiple sclerosis;
SNP=
single-nucleotide polymorphism

Footnotes

  • Go to Neurology.org for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the article.

  • Received February 11, 2015.
  • Accepted in final form September 1, 2015.
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