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August 30, 2016; 87 (9) ArticleOpen Access

GABA deficiency in NF1

A multimodal [11C]-flumazenil and spectroscopy study

Inês R. Violante, Miguel Patricio, Inês Bernardino, José Rebola, Antero J. Abrunhosa, Nuno Ferreira, Miguel Castelo-Branco
First published July 29, 2016, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000003044
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Article Information

vol. 87 no. 9 897-904
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000003044
PubMed: 
27473134
Published By: 
Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology
Print ISSN: 
0028-3878
Online ISSN: 
1526-632X
History: 
  • Received November 30, 2015
  • Accepted in final form May 17, 2016
  • First Published July 29, 2016.

Article Versions

Copyright & Usage: 
© 2016 American Academy of Neurology This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Author Disclosures

    1. Inês R. Violante, PhD,
    2. Miguel Patricio, PhD,
    3. Inês Bernardino, PhD,
    4. José Rebola, PhD,
    5. Antero J. Abrunhosa, PhD,
    6. Nuno Ferreira, PhD and
    7. Miguel Castelo-Branco, MD, PhD
  1. Inês R. Violante, PhD,
    2. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. (1) World Molecular Imaging Society, funding for travel to speak at conference (WMIC 2014)

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1)FCT, #COMPETE-PTDC/SAU-ORG/118380/2010, Site Investigator, 2013-2014

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. (1) Wellcome Trust

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  2. Miguel Patricio, PhD,
    3. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  3. Inês Bernardino, PhD,
    4. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) FCT, SFRH/BPD/101641/2014, postdoctoral researcher, 2015-until now (2)FCT, PTDC/SAU-ORG/118380/2010, research assistant, 2012-2015

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  4. José Rebola, PhD,
    5. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. Funda??o para a Ci?ncia e Tecnologia; PTDC/SAU-NSC/113471/2009; research assistant; 2013-2014 European Union; European Project FP7-HEALTH-2013-INNOVATION-1 ? 602186; research assistant; 2014-2016

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  5. Antero J. Abrunhosa, PhD,
    6. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. (1) Acta Radiologica Portuguesa, editorial advisory board member, 2014-

    Patents:

    1. (1) Patent application (Europe) on a process for producing Ga- 68 using a liquid target on a cyclotron

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) Science and Technology Foundation (Portugal), PTDC/BBB- BMD/5378/2014, Researcher, 2015- (2) FEDER, PEst-C/SAU/UI3282/2013 CENTRO-07-ST24-FEDER-00205, Researcher, 2014-

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. (1) Luso-American Development Foundation (2) Santa Casa Foundation

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  6. Nuno Ferreira, PhD and
    7. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  7. Miguel Castelo-Branco, MD, PhD
    8. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. Only for research, not personal support: This work was funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) (grants: Compete - PTDC/SAU-ORG/118380/2010, UID/NEU/04539/2013-? COMPETE, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440), and CENTRO-07-ST24- FEDER-00205; PI: MCB

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  1. From the Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine (I.R.V., M.P., I.B., J.R., M.C.-B.), Laboratory of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine (M.P., M.C.-B.), and Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (A.J.A., N.F., M.C.-B.), University of Coimbra, Portugal; and Division of Brain Sciences (I.R.V.), Department of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Imperial College London, UK.
  1. Correspondence to Dr. Violante: i.violante{at}imperial.ac.uk
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