July 17, 2018; 91 (3) Article
Longitudinal analysis of impulse control disorders in Parkinson disease
Jean-Christophe Corvol, Fanny Artaud, Florence Cormier-Dequaire, Olivier Rascol, Franck Durif, Pascal Derkinderen, Ana-Raquel Marques, Frédéric Bourdain, Jean-Philippe Brandel, Fernando Pico, Lucette Lacomblez, Cecilia Bonnet, Christine Brefel-Courbon, Fabienne Ory-Magne, David Grabli, Stephan Klebe, Graziella Mangone, Hana You, Valérie Mesnage, Pei-Chen Lee, Alexis Brice, Marie Vidailhet, Alexis Elbaz, For the DIGPD Study Group
First published June 20, 2018, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000005816
Jean-Christophe Corvol
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Fanny Artaud
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Florence Cormier-Dequaire
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Olivier Rascol
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Franck Durif
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Pascal Derkinderen
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Ana-Raquel Marques
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Frédéric Bourdain
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Jean-Philippe Brandel
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Fernando Pico
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Lucette Lacomblez
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Cecilia Bonnet
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Christine Brefel-Courbon
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Fabienne Ory-Magne
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
David Grabli
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Stephan Klebe
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Graziella Mangone
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Hana You
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Valérie Mesnage
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Pei-Chen Lee
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Alexis Brice
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Marie Vidailhet
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Alexis Elbaz
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
From the Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Sorbonne Université (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); INSERM (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Institut du cerveau et de la Moelle, Centre d'Investigation Clinique Neurosciences, NS-PARK/FCRIN Network; CNRS (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.); Departments of Neurology and Genetics (J.-C.C., F.C.-D., L.L., C.B., D.G., S.K., G.M., H.Y., A.B., M.V.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; CESP (F.A., A.E.), Faculte de médecine, Université Paris-Sud; Faculte de médecine (F.A., A.E.), UVSQ, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif; University of Toulouse 3 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse and INSERM; Centre d'Investigation Clinique CIC1436 (O.R., C.B.-C., F.O.-M), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Départements de Neurosciences et de Pharmacologie Clinique, NeuroToul COEN Center, Toulouse; Department of Neurology (F.D., A.-R.M.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand; Department of Neurology (P.D.), NS-PARK/FCRIN Network, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes; Department of Neurology (F.B.), Hôpital Foch, Suresnes; Department of Neurology (J.-P.B.), Fondation Rothschild, Paris; Department of Neurology (F.P.), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles; Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines et Paris Saclay (F.P.), Versailles; Department of Neurology (V.M.), Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Saint-Antoine, Paris, France; and Department of Health Care Management (P.-C.L.), College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taiwan.
Longitudinal analysis of impulse control disorders in Parkinson disease
Jean-Christophe Corvol, Fanny Artaud, Florence Cormier-Dequaire, Olivier Rascol, Franck Durif, Pascal Derkinderen, Ana-Raquel Marques, Frédéric Bourdain, Jean-Philippe Brandel, Fernando Pico, Lucette Lacomblez, Cecilia Bonnet, Christine Brefel-Courbon, Fabienne Ory-Magne, David Grabli, Stephan Klebe, Graziella Mangone, Hana You, Valérie Mesnage, Pei-Chen Lee, Alexis Brice, Marie Vidailhet, Alexis Elbaz, For the DIGPD Study Group
Neurology Jul 2018, 91 (3) e189-e201; DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000005816
Citation Manager Formats
Make Comment
See Comments
Downloads
499
This article requires a subscription to view the full text. If you have a subscription you may use the login form below to view the article. Access to this article can also be purchased.
Abstract
Objective To investigate the longitudinal dose-effect relationship between dopamine replacement therapy and impulse control disorders (ICDs) in Parkinson disease (PD).
Methods We used data from a multicenter longitudinal cohort of consecutive patients with PD with ≤5 years' disease duration at baseline followed up annually up to 5 years. ICDs were evaluated during face-to-face semistructured interviews with movement disorder specialists. Generalized estimating equations and Poisson models with robust variance were used to study the association between several time-dependent definitions of dopamine agonist (DA) use, taking dose and duration of treatment into account, and ICDs at each visit. Other antiparkinsonian drugs were also examined.
Results Among 411 patients (40.6% women, mean age 62.3 years, average follow-up 3.3 years, SD 1.7 years), 356 (86.6%) took a DA at least once since disease onset. In 306 patients without ICDs at baseline, the 5-year cumulative incidence of ICDs was 46.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 37.4–55.7, DA ever users 51.5% [95% CI 41.8–62.1], DA never users 12.4% [95% CI 4.8–30.0]). ICD prevalence increased from 19.7% at baseline to 32.8% after 5 years. ICDs were associated with ever DA use (prevalence ratio 4.23, 95% CI 1.78–10.09). Lifetime average daily dose and duration of treatment were independently associated with ICDs with significant dose-effect relationships. Similar analyses for levodopa were not in favor of a strong association. ICDs progressively resolved after DA discontinuation.
Conclusion In this longitudinal study of patients with PD characterized by a high prevalence of DA treatment, the 5-year cumulative incidence of ICDs was ≈46%. ICDs were strongly associated with DA use with a dose-effect relationship; both increasing duration and dose were associated with ICDs. ICDs progressively resolved after DA discontinuation.
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01564992.
Glossary
- CI=
- confidence interval;
- DA=
- dopamine agonist;
- DBS=
- deep brain stimulation;
- DIGPD=
- Drug Interaction With Genes in Parkinson's Disease;
- ER=
- extended-release;
- FU=
- follow-up;
- GEE=
- generalized estimating equation;
- ICARUS=
- Impulse Control Disorders and the Association of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms, Cognition and Quality of Life in Parkinson Disease;
- ICD=
- impulse control disorder;
- LD=
- levodopa;
- MDS-UPDRS=
- Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale;
- PD=
- Parkinson disease;
- PR=
- prevalence ratio;
- QIC=
- quasi-information criterion
Footnotes
Go to Neurology.org/N for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the article.
Coinvestigators are listed at links.lww.com/WNL/A577.
Editorial, page 107
Podcast: NPub.org/9mi9i9
- Received October 17, 2017.
- Accepted in final form April 11, 2018.
- © 2018 American Academy of Neurology
AAN Members: Sign in with your AAN member credentials (e-mail or 6-digit Member ID number)
Non-AAN Member subscribers: Sign in with subscriber credentials
Log in using your username and password
Purchase access
AAN members must change their passwords on the AAN site
For assistance, please contact:
AAN Members (800) 879-1960 or (612) 928-6000 (International)
Non-AAN Member subscribers (800) 638-3030 or (301) 223-2300 option 3, select 1 (international)
Sign Up
Information on how to subscribe to Neurology and Neurology: Clinical Practice can be found here
Purchase
Individual access to articles is available through the Add to Cart option on the article page.
Access for 1 day (from the computer you are currently using) is US$ 39.00.
Pay-per-view content is for the use of the payee only, and content may not be further distributed by print or electronic means.
The payee may view, download, and/or print the article for his/her personal, scholarly, research, and educational use. Distributing copies (electronic or otherwise) of the article is not allowed.
Disputes & Debates: Rapid online correspondence
No comments have been published for this article.
NOTE: All authors' disclosures must be entered and current in our database before comments can be posted. Enter and update disclosures at http://submit.neurology.org. Exception: replies to comments concerning an article you originally authored do not require updated disclosures.
- Stay timely. Submit only on articles published within the last 8 weeks.
- Do not be redundant. Read any comments already posted on the article prior to submission.
- 200 words maximum.
- 5 references maximum. Reference 1 must be the article on which you are commenting.
- 5 authors maximum. Exception: replies can include all original authors of the article.
- Submitted comments are subject to editing and editor review prior to posting.
You May Also be Interested in
Advertisement