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July 31, 2018; 91 (5) Editorial

Genes, smoking, and organic solvent exposure

An alarming cocktail for MS risk

Jack S. Bell, Gabriele C. DeLuca
First published July 3, 2018, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000005896
Jack S. Bell
From the University of Oxford Medical School (J.S.B.) and Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (G.C.D.), John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
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Gabriele C. DeLuca
From the University of Oxford Medical School (J.S.B.) and Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (G.C.D.), John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
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Genes, smoking, and organic solvent exposure
An alarming cocktail for MS risk
Jack S. Bell, Gabriele C. DeLuca
Neurology Jul 2018, 91 (5) 199-200; DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000005896

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The etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) is as yet unknown but likely comprises a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The strongest genetic associations are within the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes; 2 of the most studied are the risk allele HLA-DRB1*15 and the protective allele HLA-A*02. Of note, these genetic associations interact with the principal environmental risk factors for MS—namely, vitamin D deficiency, Epstein-Barr virus infection, smoking, and adolescent obesity—to increase the risk of MS.1 Organic solvent exposure can now be added to this expanding list of environmental risk factors that interact with HLA gene variants associated with MS susceptibility.

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  • Go to Neurology.org/N for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the editorial.

  • See page 209

  • © 2018 American Academy of Neurology
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