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January 08, 2019; 92 (2) Global Perspectives

Barriers to diagnosis and management of CNS infections in Indonesia

Darma Imran, Sekar Satiti, Paulus Sugianto, Riwanti Estiasari, Kartika Maharani, David Pangeran, Putri Widya Andini, Badrul Munir, Arthur H.P. Mawuntu, Ni Made Susilawathi, Kiking Ritarwan, O.S. Hartanto, Meity Frida, Ahmad Rizal Ganiem, Dede Gunawan, Sofiati Dian, A.A.R. Sudewi, Reinout van Crevel
First published January 7, 2019, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000006732
Darma Imran
From the Faculty of Medicine (D.I., R.E., K.M., D.P., P.W.A.), Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta; Faculty of Medicine (S.S.), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta; Faculty of Medicine (P.S.), Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya; Faculty of Medicine (B.M.), Universitas Brawijaya, Malang; Faculty of Medicine (A.H.P.M.), Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado; Faculty of Medicine (N.M.S., A.A.R.S.), Universitas Udayana, Denpasar; Faculty of Medicine (K.R.), Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan; Faculty of Medicine (O.S.H.), Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret, Solo; Faculty of Medicine (M.F.), Universitas Andalas, Padang; Faculty of Medicine (A.R.G., D.G., S.D.), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (R.v.C.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health (R.v.C.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
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Sekar Satiti
From the Faculty of Medicine (D.I., R.E., K.M., D.P., P.W.A.), Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta; Faculty of Medicine (S.S.), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta; Faculty of Medicine (P.S.), Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya; Faculty of Medicine (B.M.), Universitas Brawijaya, Malang; Faculty of Medicine (A.H.P.M.), Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado; Faculty of Medicine (N.M.S., A.A.R.S.), Universitas Udayana, Denpasar; Faculty of Medicine (K.R.), Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan; Faculty of Medicine (O.S.H.), Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret, Solo; Faculty of Medicine (M.F.), Universitas Andalas, Padang; Faculty of Medicine (A.R.G., D.G., S.D.), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (R.v.C.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health (R.v.C.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
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Paulus Sugianto
From the Faculty of Medicine (D.I., R.E., K.M., D.P., P.W.A.), Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta; Faculty of Medicine (S.S.), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta; Faculty of Medicine (P.S.), Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya; Faculty of Medicine (B.M.), Universitas Brawijaya, Malang; Faculty of Medicine (A.H.P.M.), Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado; Faculty of Medicine (N.M.S., A.A.R.S.), Universitas Udayana, Denpasar; Faculty of Medicine (K.R.), Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan; Faculty of Medicine (O.S.H.), Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret, Solo; Faculty of Medicine (M.F.), Universitas Andalas, Padang; Faculty of Medicine (A.R.G., D.G., S.D.), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (R.v.C.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health (R.v.C.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
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Riwanti Estiasari
From the Faculty of Medicine (D.I., R.E., K.M., D.P., P.W.A.), Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta; Faculty of Medicine (S.S.), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta; Faculty of Medicine (P.S.), Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya; Faculty of Medicine (B.M.), Universitas Brawijaya, Malang; Faculty of Medicine (A.H.P.M.), Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado; Faculty of Medicine (N.M.S., A.A.R.S.), Universitas Udayana, Denpasar; Faculty of Medicine (K.R.), Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan; Faculty of Medicine (O.S.H.), Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret, Solo; Faculty of Medicine (M.F.), Universitas Andalas, Padang; Faculty of Medicine (A.R.G., D.G., S.D.), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (R.v.C.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health (R.v.C.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
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Kartika Maharani
From the Faculty of Medicine (D.I., R.E., K.M., D.P., P.W.A.), Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta; Faculty of Medicine (S.S.), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta; Faculty of Medicine (P.S.), Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya; Faculty of Medicine (B.M.), Universitas Brawijaya, Malang; Faculty of Medicine (A.H.P.M.), Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado; Faculty of Medicine (N.M.S., A.A.R.S.), Universitas Udayana, Denpasar; Faculty of Medicine (K.R.), Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan; Faculty of Medicine (O.S.H.), Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret, Solo; Faculty of Medicine (M.F.), Universitas Andalas, Padang; Faculty of Medicine (A.R.G., D.G., S.D.), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (R.v.C.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health (R.v.C.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
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David Pangeran
From the Faculty of Medicine (D.I., R.E., K.M., D.P., P.W.A.), Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta; Faculty of Medicine (S.S.), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta; Faculty of Medicine (P.S.), Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya; Faculty of Medicine (B.M.), Universitas Brawijaya, Malang; Faculty of Medicine (A.H.P.M.), Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado; Faculty of Medicine (N.M.S., A.A.R.S.), Universitas Udayana, Denpasar; Faculty of Medicine (K.R.), Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan; Faculty of Medicine (O.S.H.), Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret, Solo; Faculty of Medicine (M.F.), Universitas Andalas, Padang; Faculty of Medicine (A.R.G., D.G., S.D.), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (R.v.C.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health (R.v.C.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
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Putri Widya Andini
From the Faculty of Medicine (D.I., R.E., K.M., D.P., P.W.A.), Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta; Faculty of Medicine (S.S.), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta; Faculty of Medicine (P.S.), Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya; Faculty of Medicine (B.M.), Universitas Brawijaya, Malang; Faculty of Medicine (A.H.P.M.), Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado; Faculty of Medicine (N.M.S., A.A.R.S.), Universitas Udayana, Denpasar; Faculty of Medicine (K.R.), Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan; Faculty of Medicine (O.S.H.), Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret, Solo; Faculty of Medicine (M.F.), Universitas Andalas, Padang; Faculty of Medicine (A.R.G., D.G., S.D.), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (R.v.C.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health (R.v.C.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
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Badrul Munir
From the Faculty of Medicine (D.I., R.E., K.M., D.P., P.W.A.), Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta; Faculty of Medicine (S.S.), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta; Faculty of Medicine (P.S.), Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya; Faculty of Medicine (B.M.), Universitas Brawijaya, Malang; Faculty of Medicine (A.H.P.M.), Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado; Faculty of Medicine (N.M.S., A.A.R.S.), Universitas Udayana, Denpasar; Faculty of Medicine (K.R.), Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan; Faculty of Medicine (O.S.H.), Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret, Solo; Faculty of Medicine (M.F.), Universitas Andalas, Padang; Faculty of Medicine (A.R.G., D.G., S.D.), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (R.v.C.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health (R.v.C.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
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Arthur H.P. Mawuntu
From the Faculty of Medicine (D.I., R.E., K.M., D.P., P.W.A.), Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta; Faculty of Medicine (S.S.), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta; Faculty of Medicine (P.S.), Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya; Faculty of Medicine (B.M.), Universitas Brawijaya, Malang; Faculty of Medicine (A.H.P.M.), Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado; Faculty of Medicine (N.M.S., A.A.R.S.), Universitas Udayana, Denpasar; Faculty of Medicine (K.R.), Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan; Faculty of Medicine (O.S.H.), Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret, Solo; Faculty of Medicine (M.F.), Universitas Andalas, Padang; Faculty of Medicine (A.R.G., D.G., S.D.), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (R.v.C.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health (R.v.C.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
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Ni Made Susilawathi
From the Faculty of Medicine (D.I., R.E., K.M., D.P., P.W.A.), Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta; Faculty of Medicine (S.S.), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta; Faculty of Medicine (P.S.), Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya; Faculty of Medicine (B.M.), Universitas Brawijaya, Malang; Faculty of Medicine (A.H.P.M.), Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado; Faculty of Medicine (N.M.S., A.A.R.S.), Universitas Udayana, Denpasar; Faculty of Medicine (K.R.), Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan; Faculty of Medicine (O.S.H.), Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret, Solo; Faculty of Medicine (M.F.), Universitas Andalas, Padang; Faculty of Medicine (A.R.G., D.G., S.D.), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (R.v.C.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health (R.v.C.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
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Kiking Ritarwan
From the Faculty of Medicine (D.I., R.E., K.M., D.P., P.W.A.), Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta; Faculty of Medicine (S.S.), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta; Faculty of Medicine (P.S.), Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya; Faculty of Medicine (B.M.), Universitas Brawijaya, Malang; Faculty of Medicine (A.H.P.M.), Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado; Faculty of Medicine (N.M.S., A.A.R.S.), Universitas Udayana, Denpasar; Faculty of Medicine (K.R.), Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan; Faculty of Medicine (O.S.H.), Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret, Solo; Faculty of Medicine (M.F.), Universitas Andalas, Padang; Faculty of Medicine (A.R.G., D.G., S.D.), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (R.v.C.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health (R.v.C.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
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O.S. Hartanto
From the Faculty of Medicine (D.I., R.E., K.M., D.P., P.W.A.), Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta; Faculty of Medicine (S.S.), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta; Faculty of Medicine (P.S.), Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya; Faculty of Medicine (B.M.), Universitas Brawijaya, Malang; Faculty of Medicine (A.H.P.M.), Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado; Faculty of Medicine (N.M.S., A.A.R.S.), Universitas Udayana, Denpasar; Faculty of Medicine (K.R.), Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan; Faculty of Medicine (O.S.H.), Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret, Solo; Faculty of Medicine (M.F.), Universitas Andalas, Padang; Faculty of Medicine (A.R.G., D.G., S.D.), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (R.v.C.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health (R.v.C.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
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Meity Frida
From the Faculty of Medicine (D.I., R.E., K.M., D.P., P.W.A.), Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta; Faculty of Medicine (S.S.), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta; Faculty of Medicine (P.S.), Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya; Faculty of Medicine (B.M.), Universitas Brawijaya, Malang; Faculty of Medicine (A.H.P.M.), Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado; Faculty of Medicine (N.M.S., A.A.R.S.), Universitas Udayana, Denpasar; Faculty of Medicine (K.R.), Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan; Faculty of Medicine (O.S.H.), Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret, Solo; Faculty of Medicine (M.F.), Universitas Andalas, Padang; Faculty of Medicine (A.R.G., D.G., S.D.), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (R.v.C.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health (R.v.C.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
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Ahmad Rizal Ganiem
From the Faculty of Medicine (D.I., R.E., K.M., D.P., P.W.A.), Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta; Faculty of Medicine (S.S.), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta; Faculty of Medicine (P.S.), Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya; Faculty of Medicine (B.M.), Universitas Brawijaya, Malang; Faculty of Medicine (A.H.P.M.), Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado; Faculty of Medicine (N.M.S., A.A.R.S.), Universitas Udayana, Denpasar; Faculty of Medicine (K.R.), Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan; Faculty of Medicine (O.S.H.), Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret, Solo; Faculty of Medicine (M.F.), Universitas Andalas, Padang; Faculty of Medicine (A.R.G., D.G., S.D.), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (R.v.C.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health (R.v.C.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
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Dede Gunawan
From the Faculty of Medicine (D.I., R.E., K.M., D.P., P.W.A.), Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta; Faculty of Medicine (S.S.), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta; Faculty of Medicine (P.S.), Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya; Faculty of Medicine (B.M.), Universitas Brawijaya, Malang; Faculty of Medicine (A.H.P.M.), Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado; Faculty of Medicine (N.M.S., A.A.R.S.), Universitas Udayana, Denpasar; Faculty of Medicine (K.R.), Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan; Faculty of Medicine (O.S.H.), Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret, Solo; Faculty of Medicine (M.F.), Universitas Andalas, Padang; Faculty of Medicine (A.R.G., D.G., S.D.), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (R.v.C.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health (R.v.C.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
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Sofiati Dian
From the Faculty of Medicine (D.I., R.E., K.M., D.P., P.W.A.), Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta; Faculty of Medicine (S.S.), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta; Faculty of Medicine (P.S.), Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya; Faculty of Medicine (B.M.), Universitas Brawijaya, Malang; Faculty of Medicine (A.H.P.M.), Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado; Faculty of Medicine (N.M.S., A.A.R.S.), Universitas Udayana, Denpasar; Faculty of Medicine (K.R.), Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan; Faculty of Medicine (O.S.H.), Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret, Solo; Faculty of Medicine (M.F.), Universitas Andalas, Padang; Faculty of Medicine (A.R.G., D.G., S.D.), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (R.v.C.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health (R.v.C.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
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A.A.R. Sudewi
From the Faculty of Medicine (D.I., R.E., K.M., D.P., P.W.A.), Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta; Faculty of Medicine (S.S.), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta; Faculty of Medicine (P.S.), Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya; Faculty of Medicine (B.M.), Universitas Brawijaya, Malang; Faculty of Medicine (A.H.P.M.), Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado; Faculty of Medicine (N.M.S., A.A.R.S.), Universitas Udayana, Denpasar; Faculty of Medicine (K.R.), Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan; Faculty of Medicine (O.S.H.), Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret, Solo; Faculty of Medicine (M.F.), Universitas Andalas, Padang; Faculty of Medicine (A.R.G., D.G., S.D.), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (R.v.C.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health (R.v.C.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
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Reinout van Crevel
From the Faculty of Medicine (D.I., R.E., K.M., D.P., P.W.A.), Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta; Faculty of Medicine (S.S.), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta; Faculty of Medicine (P.S.), Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya; Faculty of Medicine (B.M.), Universitas Brawijaya, Malang; Faculty of Medicine (A.H.P.M.), Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado; Faculty of Medicine (N.M.S., A.A.R.S.), Universitas Udayana, Denpasar; Faculty of Medicine (K.R.), Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan; Faculty of Medicine (O.S.H.), Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret, Solo; Faculty of Medicine (M.F.), Universitas Andalas, Padang; Faculty of Medicine (A.R.G., D.G., S.D.), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (R.v.C.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health (R.v.C.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
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Full PDF
Citation
Barriers to diagnosis and management of CNS infections in Indonesia
Darma Imran, Sekar Satiti, Paulus Sugianto, Riwanti Estiasari, Kartika Maharani, David Pangeran, Putri Widya Andini, Badrul Munir, Arthur H.P. Mawuntu, Ni Made Susilawathi, Kiking Ritarwan, O.S. Hartanto, Meity Frida, Ahmad Rizal Ganiem, Dede Gunawan, Sofiati Dian, A.A.R. Sudewi, Reinout van Crevel
Neurology Jan 2019, 92 (2) 104-106; DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000006732

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Article Information

vol. 92 no. 2 104-106
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000006732
PubMed: 
30617169

Published By: 
Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology
Print ISSN: 
0028-3878
Online ISSN: 
1526-632X
History: 
  • First Published January 7, 2019.

Copyright & Usage: 
© 2019 American Academy of Neurology

Author Disclosures

    1. Darma Imran, MD,
    2. Sekar Satiti, MD, PhD,
    3. Paulus Sugianto, MD, PhD,
    4. Riwanti Estiasari, MD, PhD,
    5. Kartika Maharani, MD,
    6. David Pangeran, MD,
    7. Putri Widya Andini, MD, MSc,
    8. Badrul Munir, MD,
    9. Arthur H.P. Mawuntu, MD,
    10. Ni Made Susilawathi, MD, PhD,
    11. Kiking Ritarwan, MD, PhD,
    12. O.S. Hartanto, MD, PhD,
    13. Meity Frida, MD,
    14. Ahmad Rizal Ganiem, MD, PhD,
    15. Dede Gunawan, MD,
    16. Sofiati Dian, MD, MSc,
    17. A.A.R. Sudewi, MD, PhD and
    18. Reinout van Crevel, MD, PhD
  1. Darma Imran, MD,
  2. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  3. Sekar Satiti, MD, PhD,
  4. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  5. Paulus Sugianto, MD, PhD,
  6. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
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    Research Support, Government Entities:
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    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  7. Riwanti Estiasari, MD, PhD,
  8. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  9. Kartika Maharani, MD,
  10. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  11. David Pangeran, MD,
  12. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  13. Putri Widya Andini, MD, MSc,
  14. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  15. Badrul Munir, MD,
  16. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  17. Arthur H.P. Mawuntu, MD,
  18. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. (1) Funding Source: Sam Ratulangi University Manado North Sulawesi, Grant number: no grant number, Year: 2015 (2) Funding Source: Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Grant number: no grant number, Year: 2016

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  19. Ni Made Susilawathi, MD, PhD,
  20. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  21. Kiking Ritarwan, MD, PhD,
  22. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  23. O.S. Hartanto, MD, PhD,
  24. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  25. Meity Frida, MD,
  26. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  27. Ahmad Rizal Ganiem, MD, PhD,
  28. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  29. Dede Gunawan, MD,
  30. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  31. Sofiati Dian, MD, MSc,
  32. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  33. A.A.R. Sudewi, MD, PhD and
  34. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  35. Reinout van Crevel, MD, PhD
  36. Scientific Advisory Boards:
    1. NONE

    Gifts:
    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:
    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:
    1. NONE

    Patents:
    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:
    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:
    1. NONE

    Consultancies:
    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:
    1. NONE

    Other Activities:
    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:
    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:
    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:
    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:
    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:
    1. NONE

  1. From the Faculty of Medicine (D.I., R.E., K.M., D.P., P.W.A.), Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta; Faculty of Medicine (S.S.), Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta; Faculty of Medicine (P.S.), Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya; Faculty of Medicine (B.M.), Universitas Brawijaya, Malang; Faculty of Medicine (A.H.P.M.), Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado; Faculty of Medicine (N.M.S., A.A.R.S.), Universitas Udayana, Denpasar; Faculty of Medicine (K.R.), Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan; Faculty of Medicine (O.S.H.), Universitas Negeri Sebelas Maret, Solo; Faculty of Medicine (M.F.), Universitas Andalas, Padang; Faculty of Medicine (A.R.G., D.G., S.D.), Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (R.v.C.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; and Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health (R.v.C.), Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, UK.
  1. Correspondence
    Dr. Imran darma_imran{at}yahoo.com
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