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Abstract
Objective To perform a retrospective analysis examining the incidence and prognosis of glioma patients with leptomeningeal disease (LMD) at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center over a 15-year period and correlate these findings with clinicopathologic characteristics.
Methods We conducted a retrospective review of glioma patients with LMD at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center diagnosed from 2001 to 2016. Patients were identified through a keyword search of their electronic medical record and by ICD-9 codes.
Results One hundred three patients were identified with disseminated LMD and 85 patients with subependymal spread of disease, 4.7% of all patients with glioma. These cohorts were analyzed separately for time to development of disseminated LMD/subependymal LMD, median overall survival, and survival from LMD diagnosis. Patients were pooled for subsequent analyses (n = 188) because of comparable clinical behavior. LMD was present at glioma diagnosis in 10% of patients. In the remaining 90% of patients diagnosed at recurrence, time to LMD diagnosis, survival after LMD diagnosis, and overall survival varied by original histology. Patients with oligodendroglioma had a median survival of 10.8 (range 1.8–67.7) months, astrocytoma 6.5 (0.1–28.5) months, and glioblastoma 3.8 (0.1–32.6) months after LMD diagnosis. In addition, we found that treatment of LMD was associated with superior performance status and increased survival.
Conclusion Patients with LMD diagnosed at relapse may not have decreased overall survival as compared to historical controls with parenchymal relapse and may benefit from treatment.
Glossary
- dLMD=
- disseminated leptomeningeal disease;
- ICD-9=
- International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision;
- IDH=
- isocitrate dehydrogenase;
- KPS=
- Karnofsky Performance Status;
- LMD=
- leptomeningeal disease;
- PNET=
- primitive neuroectodermal tumor;
- sLMD=
- subependymal leptomeningeal disease;
- VP=
- ventriculoperitoneal
Footnotes
Go to Neurology.org/N for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the article.
- Received July 6, 2018.
- Accepted in final form January 24, 2019.
- © 2019 American Academy of Neurology
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