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Abstract
Objectives We investigated the predictors of functional outcome in young patients enrolled in a multiethnic study of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).
Methods The Ethnic/Racial Variations in Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ERICH) study is a prospective multicenter study of ICH among adult (age ≥18 years) non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, and Hispanic participants. The study recruited 1,000 participants per racial/ethnic group. The present study utilized the subset of ERICH participants aged <50 years with supratentorial ICH. Functional outcome was ascertained using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with poor outcome (mRS 4–6), and analyses were compared by race/ethnicity to identify differences across these groups.
Results Of the 3,000 patients with ICH enrolled in ERICH, 418 were studied (mean age 43 years, 69% male), of whom 48 (12%) were white, 173 (41%) were black, and 197 (47%) were Hispanic. For supratentorial ICH, black participants (odds ratio [OR], 0.42; p = 0.046) and Hispanic participants (OR, 0.34; p = 0.01) had better outcomes than white participants after adjustment for other factors associated with poor outcome: age, baseline disability, admission blood pressure, admission Glasgow Coma Scale score, ICH volume, deep ICH location, and intraventricular extension.
Conclusions In young patients with supratentorial ICH, black and Hispanic race/ethnicity is associated with better functional outcomes, compared with white race. Additional studies are needed to identify the biological and social mediators of this association.
Glossary
- CAA=
- cerebral amyloid angiopathy;
- CI=
- confidence interval;
- ERICH=
- Ethnic/Racial Variations of Intracerebral Hemorrhage;
- EVD=
- external ventricular drain;
- GCS=
- Glasgow Coma Scale;
- ICH=
- intracerebral hemorrhage;
- INR=
- international normalized ratio;
- IQR=
- interquartile range;
- IVH=
- intraventricular hemorrhage;
- mRS=
- modified Rankin Scale;
- OAC=
- oral anticoagulants;
- OR=
- odds ratio
Footnotes
Go to Neurology.org/N for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the article.
↵* These authors contributed equally to this work.
- Received June 19, 2018.
- Accepted in final form October 2, 2019.
- © 2020 American Academy of Neurology
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