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September 22, 2020; 95 (12) Clinical/Scientific Notes

Plastic changes in the brain after human hand allotransplantation

Zhen Ni, Steven McCabe, Christine Novak, Heather L. Baltzer, Gaayathiri Jegatheeswaran, Reina Isayama, Michael Vesia, Carolyn Gunraj, Utpal Saha, Mark Hallett, Robert Chen
First published August 13, 2020, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000010583
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Article Information

vol. 95 no. 12 547-550
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000010583
PubMed: 
32796128
Published By: 
Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology
Print ISSN: 
0028-3878
Online ISSN: 
1526-632X
History: 
  • Received April 16, 2020
  • Accepted in final form July 2, 2020
  • First Published August 13, 2020.

Article Versions

Copyright & Usage: 
© 2020 American Academy of Neurology

Author Disclosures

    1. Zhen Ni, PhD,
    2. Steven McCabe, MD, MSc, FRCSC,
    3. Christine Novak, PhD,
    4. Heather L. Baltzer, MD, MSc, FRCSC,
    5. Gaayathiri Jegatheeswaran, PhD,
    6. Reina Isayama, MD, MSc,
    7. Michael Vesia, PhD,
    8. Carolyn Gunraj, MHSc,
    9. Utpal Saha, BSc EEE,
    10. Mark Hallett, MD and
    11. Robert Chen, MA, MBBChir, MSc, FRCPC
  1. Zhen Ni, PhD,
    2. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. I was supported by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Intramural Program.

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Research Grant (FDN 154292) from Canadian Institutes of Health Research to Dr. Robert Chen (the corresponding author).

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  2. Steven McCabe, MD, MSc, FRCSC,
    3. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Hand, editorial advisory board. Several years terminating in 2020. No compensation

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Paladin pharmaceuticals research support for creation and evaluation of a decision aid for Dupuytren's ceontracture

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Plastic surgery educational foundation for development and testing of a decision aid for Dupuytren's contracture

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  3. Christine Novak, PhD,
    4. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Journal of Hand Surgery Am, Associate Editor, 2008- present HAND, Associate Editor, 2006-present

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  4. Heather L. Baltzer, MD, MSc, FRCSC,
    5. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. (1) David L. MacIntosh Sport Medicine Clinic - University of Toronto, Hand and Wrist Consultant, 1 year

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. (1) Plastic Surgery Foundation (2) American Foundation for Surgery of the Hand

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  5. Gaayathiri Jegatheeswaran, PhD,
    6. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. My own PhD research was supported by: (1) Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Foundation Grant, FDN 154292 (R.Chen), role: PhD student/trainee, years: 2012- 2018 (2) Graduate scholarship (Government of Ontario): Queen Elizabeth II Graduate Scholarship in Science and Technology (QEII-GSST), years: 2012-2017

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  6. Reina Isayama, MD, MSc,
    7. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  7. Michael Vesia, PhD,
    8. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  8. Carolyn Gunraj, MHSc,
    9. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  9. Utpal Saha, BSc EEE,
    10. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  10. Mark Hallett, MD and
    11. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. Travel expenses and honoraria from the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society; travel expenses from the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Clinical Neurophysiology* 1999 - present Editor-in-Chief, Western Hemisphere 2000 - 2003 Editor-in-Chief (sole) 2004 - 2007 Honorary Consulting Editor 2008 -- present Brain 1994 - 1998 Associate Editor 2006 - 2011 Acta Neurologica Scandinavica 1994 - present Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology 1995 - present Italian Journal of Neurological Sciences 1997 - present Medical Problems of Performing Artists 1997 - present Annals of Neurology 2000 - 2005 2007 - 2014 Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology 2000 - present The Cerebellum 2000 - present NeuroTherapeutics 2002 - present Current Trends in Neurology 2003 - present European Neurology 2005 - present Faculty of 1000 Medicine 2005 - present Brain Stimulation 2007 - present Associate Editor 2007 - 2011 Journal of Movement Disorders (Korea) 2008 - present World Neurology 2005 - 2014 Editor in Chief 2008 - 2012 Practice Update 2014-present, Editor in Chief

    Patents:

    1. 2004 US 6,780,413 B2 (August 24, 2004) Immunotoxin (MAB-Ricin) for the treatment of focal movement disorders. Inventors: J. Hott, R. Youle, M. Hallett and M. Dalakas. 2000 US 7,407,478 (August 5, 2008) Coil for Magnetic Stimulation and methods for using the same. Inventors: A. Zangen, R. Wise, M. Hallett, Y. Roth, P. Miranda. (European Patent Office 01987684.6-2305-US0150737)with a number of related supplement patents

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. Royalities in 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020 from Cambridge University Press, Oxford University Press, John Wiley & Sons, and Elsevier for about 10 different books.

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Merz, research support for a study of botulinum toxin and physical therapy for focal hand dystonia, Allergan, research support for a study of the optimal technique for toxin injection; CALA Health, research support for a device for therapy of essential tremor; Medtronic, research support for a study of treatment of dystonia.

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Intramural Program (1984 to present)

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License fee payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NIH (from Brainsway) for licensing the patent for the H- coil

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  11. Robert Chen, MA, MBBChir, MSc, FRCPC
    12. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. 1)Merz, honorarium, 2) Allergan, honorarium, 3) Ipsen, honorarium

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Journal of Motor Behavior, Editorial Board member, 2008 – present Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences, Editorial Board member, 2008- present; Editor-in-Chief, 2013- present Neurology, Editorial Board member, 2010 - present PLOSone, Academic Editor, 2012- present

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Consultant for NeuroQore

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) Canadian Institutes of Health Research, research grant,FDN 154292, PI, 2016-2024 (2) NINDS, co-investigator, 2017-2012 (3)Canada Foundation for Innovation (John R. Evans Leaders Fund) and Ontario Research Fund, PI, 2018-2021 (5)National Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) Research Tools and Instruments Grant, PI, 2020- 2021 (6)National Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) Discovery Grant, PI, 2020-2025

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. (1) Dystonia Medical Research Foundation, PI, 2017-2020, (2) Weston Brain Foundation, Administrative supervisor, 2016-2020 (4) National Organization for Rare Disease, PI, 2020-2022

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  1. From the Division of Neurology (Z.N., G.J., R.I., M.V., C.G., U.S., R.C.), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto and Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Ontario, Canada; Human Motor Control Section (Z.N., M.H.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health; Hand Program (S.M., C.N., H.L.B.), Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, University of Toronto and Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Ontario, Canada; and School of Kinesiology (M.V.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
  1. Correspondence
    Dr. Chen robert.chen{at}uhn.ca or Dr. McCabe steve.mccabe{at}uhn.ca
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