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September 29, 2020; 95 (13) ArticleOpen Access

Occipital cortex and cerebellum gray matter changes in visual snow syndrome

Francesca Puledda, Muriel Bruchhage, Owen O'Daly, Dominic Ffytche, Steven C.R. Williams, Peter J. Goadsby
First published August 5, 2020, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000010530
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Article Information

vol. 95 no. 13 e1792-e1799
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000010530
PubMed: 
32759201
Published By: 
Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology
Print ISSN: 
0028-3878
Online ISSN: 
1526-632X
History: 
  • Received January 17, 2020
  • Accepted in final form May 11, 2020
  • First Published August 5, 2020.

Article Versions

Copyright & Usage: 
Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Author Disclosures

    1. Francesca Puledda, MD,
    2. Muriel Bruchhage, PhD,
    3. Owen O'Daly, PhD,
    4. Dominic Ffytche, MD, PhD,
    5. Steven C.R. Williams, PhD and
    6. Peter J. Goadsby, MD, PhD
  1. Francesca Puledda, MD,
    2. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. Speaker honoraria from Teva UK

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  2. Muriel Bruchhage, PhD,
    3. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  3. Owen O'Daly, PhD,
    4. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  4. Dominic Ffytche, MD, PhD,
    5. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NIHR

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Macular Society

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  5. Steven C.R. Williams, PhD and
    6. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  6. Peter J. Goadsby, MD, PhD
    7. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. I have consulted for the following commercial entities Aeon Biopharma Alder Bio Allergan Amgen Autonomic Technologies Inc Clexio Eli-Lilly Electrocore LLC eNeura Inc Impel Neuropharma MundiPharma Novartis Santara Therapeutics Teva Pharmaceuticals Trigemina WL Gore

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Cephalalgia Neuromodulation Up-to-Date Massachusetts Medical Society

    Patents:

    1. TMS for headache prevention

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. Lance JW, Goadsby PJ. Mechanism and Management of Headache. (7th ed.) New York: Elsevier, 2005

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Amgen, Eli-Lilly, Celgene

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. Trigemina, Inc, stock options

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. MedicoLegal work

  1. From the Headache Group, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience (F.P., P.J.G.), Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Department of Neuroimaging (M.B., O.O., S.C.R.W.), and Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (D.F.), King's College London; NIHR–Wellcome Trust King's Clinical Research Facility, SLaM Biomedical Research Centre (F.P., P.J.G.), King's College Hospital, London, UK; and Advanced Baby Imaging Laboratory (M.B.), Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, RI.
  1. Correspondence
    Dr. Puledda francesca.puledda{at}kcl.ac.uk
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