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April 13, 2021; 96 (15) Article

Quality of Plant-Based Diet and Risk of Total, Ischemic, and Hemorrhagic Stroke

Megu Y. Baden, Zhilei Shan, Fenglei Wang, Yanping Li, JoAnn E. Manson, Eric B. Rimm, Walter C. Willett, Frank B. Hu, Kathryn M. Rexrode
First published March 10, 2021, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000011713
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Article Information

vol. 96 no. 15 e1940-e1953
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000011713
PubMed: 
33692165
Published By: 
Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology
Print ISSN: 
0028-3878
Online ISSN: 
1526-632X
History: 
  • Received June 16, 2020
  • Accepted in final form January 4, 2021
  • First Published March 10, 2021.

Article Versions

Copyright & Usage: 
© 2021 American Academy of Neurology

Author Disclosures

    1. Megu Y. Baden, MD, PhD,
    2. Zhilei Shan, MD, PhD,
    3. Fenglei Wang, MSc,
    4. Yanping Li, PhD,
    5. JoAnn E. Manson, MD, DrPH,
    6. Eric B. Rimm, ScD,
    7. Walter C. Willett, MD, DrPH,
    8. Frank B. Hu, MD, PhD and
    9. Kathryn M. Rexrode, MD, MPH
  1. Megu Y. Baden, MD, PhD,
    2. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. The Manpei Suzuki Diabetes Foundation

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  2. Zhilei Shan, MD, PhD,
    3. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  3. Fenglei Wang, MSc,
    4. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  4. Yanping Li, PhD,
    5. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Dr. Yanping Li has received research support from California Walnut Commission and Swiss Re Management Ltd for supporting research that are not related with and not attributed in the manuscript

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  5. JoAnn E. Manson, MD, DrPH,
    6. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  6. Eric B. Rimm, ScD,
    7. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. USDA/US Highbush Blueberry Council

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. USDA/US Highbush Blueberry Council

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. USDA/US Highbush Blueberry Council

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. RWJF

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  7. Walter C. Willett, MD, DrPH,
    8. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. (1) Nutritional Epidemiology, Third Edition, textbook. Oxford University Press, 2013. received <$5000 over last 2 years (2) Eat, Drink, and Healthy: The Harvard Medical School Guide to Healthy Eating, second edition. Simon and Schuster, 2017. < $2,000

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Breast Cancer Research Foundation

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  8. Frank B. Hu, MD, PhD and
    9. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  9. Kathryn M. Rexrode, MD, MPH
    10. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. Invited speaker for the International Magnesium conference in Rome 2017 ($500 to cover travel)

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Neuology and JAMA Internal Medicine editorial advisory boards

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. Editor, Women and Health 2012 (2016 <600$)

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Quincy Bioscience- review of safety reports on over the counter supplements. Prenatal multivitamin review

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NHLBI R01-

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. Scientific Board for Tegterra/ Inside Tracker. Stock options only with 0$ worth (no stock currently available- not publicly traded- I think unlikely to be ever stock)

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  1. From the Department of Nutrition (M.Y.B., Z.S., F.W., Y.L., E.B.R., W.C.W., F.B.H.), Department of Epidemiology (J.E.M., E.B.R., W.C.W., F.B.H.), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Department of Metabolic Medicine (M.Y.B.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Channing Division of Network Medicine (J.E.M., W.C.W., F.B.H.), Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine (J.E.M.), Department of Medicine, and Division of Women's Health (K.M.R.), Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
  1. Correspondence
    Dr. Baden mbaden{at}hsph.harvard.edu
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