January 18, 2022; 98 (3) Research Article
Blood Pressure After Endovascular Thrombectomy and Outcomes in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke
An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis
Aristeidis H. Katsanos, Konark Malhotra, Niaz Ahmed, View ORCID ProfileGeorgios Seitidis, Eva A. Mistry, Dimitris Mavridis, Joon-Tae Kim, Areti Angeliki Veroniki, Ilko Maier, View ORCID ProfileMarius Matusevicius, Pooja Khatri, View ORCID ProfileMohammad Anadani, Nitin Goyal, Adam S. Arthur, View ORCID ProfileAmrou Sarraj, Shadi Yaghi, Ashkan Shoamanesh, Luciana Catanese, Maria Kantzanou, Theodora Psaltopoulou, View ORCID ProfileAlexandros Rentzos, Marios Psychogios, Brian Van Adel, Alejandro M. Spiotta, Else Charlotte Sandset, View ORCID ProfileAdam de Havenon, Andrei V. Alexandrov, View ORCID ProfileNils H. Petersen, Georgios Tsivgoulis
First published November 12, 2021, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000013049
Aristeidis H. Katsanos
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Konark Malhotra
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Niaz Ahmed
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Georgios Seitidis
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Eva A. Mistry
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Dimitris Mavridis
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Joon-Tae Kim
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Areti Angeliki Veroniki
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Ilko Maier
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Marius Matusevicius
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Pooja Khatri
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Mohammad Anadani
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Nitin Goyal
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Adam S. Arthur
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Amrou Sarraj
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Shadi Yaghi
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Ashkan Shoamanesh
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Luciana Catanese
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Maria Kantzanou
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Theodora Psaltopoulou
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Alexandros Rentzos
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Marios Psychogios
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Brian Van Adel
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Alejandro M. Spiotta
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Else Charlotte Sandset
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Adam de Havenon
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Andrei V. Alexandrov
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Nils H. Petersen
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Georgios Tsivgoulis
From the Division of Neurology (A.H.K., A. Shoamanesh, L.C.), McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Second Department of Neurology (A.H.K., G.T.), “Attikon” University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Neurology (K.M.), Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA; Department of Neurology (N.A., M.M.), Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Primary Education (G.S., D.M., A.V.), University of Ioannina, Greece; Department of Neurology (E.A.M.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Paris Descartes University (D.M.), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, France; Department of Neurology (J.-T.K.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute (A.V.), St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology (A.V.), Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK; Department of Neurology (I.M.), University Medical Center Goettingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.K.), University of Cincinnati, OH; Departments of Neurology (M.A.) and Neurosurgery (M.A., A.M.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Departments of Neurology (N.G., A.V.A., G.T.) and Neurosurgery (N.G., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Department of Neurology (A. Sarraj), UTHealth, Houston; Department of Neurology (S.Y.), NYU Langone Health, New York; Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics (M.K., T.P.), Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.R.), Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neuroradiology (M.P.), Clinic for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland; Division of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Diagnostic Imaging (B.V.A.), Hamilton General Hospital, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (E.C.S.), Stroke Unit, Oslo University Hospital; The Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation (E.C.S.), Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology (A.d.H.), Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City; and Department of Neurology (N.H.P.), Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Blood Pressure After Endovascular Thrombectomy and Outcomes in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke
An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis
Aristeidis H. Katsanos, Konark Malhotra, Niaz Ahmed, Georgios Seitidis, Eva A. Mistry, Dimitris Mavridis, Joon-Tae Kim, Areti Angeliki Veroniki, Ilko Maier, Marius Matusevicius, Pooja Khatri, Mohammad Anadani, Nitin Goyal, Adam S. Arthur, Amrou Sarraj, Shadi Yaghi, Ashkan Shoamanesh, Luciana Catanese, Maria Kantzanou, Theodora Psaltopoulou, Alexandros Rentzos, Marios Psychogios, Brian Van Adel, Alejandro M. Spiotta, Else Charlotte Sandset, Adam de Havenon, Andrei V. Alexandrov, Nils H. Petersen, Georgios Tsivgoulis
Neurology Jan 2022, 98 (3) e291-e301; DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000013049
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Abstract
Background and Objectives To explore the association between blood pressure (BP) levels after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) and the clinical outcomes of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO).
Methods A study was eligible if it enrolled patients with AIS >18 years of age with an LVO treated with either successful or unsuccessful EVT and provided either individual or mean 24-hour systolic BP values after the end of the EVT procedure. Individual patient data from all studies were analyzed with a generalized linear mixed-effects model.
Results A total of 5,874 patients (mean age 69 ± 14 years; 50% women; median NIH Stroke Scale score on admission 16) from 7 published studies were included. Increasing mean systolic BP levels per 10 mm Hg during the first 24 hours after the end of the EVT were associated with a lower odds of functional improvement (unadjusted common odds ratio [OR] 0.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.80–0.85; adjusted common OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.84–0.93) and modified Rankin Scale score ≤2 (unadjusted OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.79–0.85; adjusted OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.82–0.93) and a higher odds of all-cause mortality (unadjusted OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.13–1.24; adjusted OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.06–1.23) at 3 months. Higher 24-hour mean systolic BP levels were also associated with an increased likelihood of early neurologic deterioration (unadjusted OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.07–1.21; adjusted OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.03–1.24) and a higher odds of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (unadjusted OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.09–1.29; adjusted OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.03–1.38) after EVT.
Discussion Increased mean systolic BP levels in the first 24 hours after EVT are independently associated with a higher odds of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, early neurologic deterioration, 3-month mortality, and worse 3-month functional outcomes.
Glossary
- AIS=
- acute ischemic stroke;
- BP=
- blood pressure;
- BP-TARGET=
- Blood Pressure Target in Acute Stroke to Reduce Hemorrhage After Endovascular Therapy;
- CI=
- confidence interval;
- ENHANCED=
- Enhanced Control of Hypertension and Thrombolysis Stroke Study;
- EVT=
- endovascular thrombectomy;
- ICH=
- intracranial hemorrhage;
- IPD-MA=
- individual patient data meta-analysis;
- mRS=
- modified Rankin Scale;
- NIHSS=
- NIH Stroke Scale;
- OR=
- odds ratio;
- SITS=
- Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke;
- tPA=
- tissue plasminogen activator
Footnotes
Go to Neurology.org/N for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the article.
CME Course: NPub.org/cmelist
- Received May 12, 2021.
- Accepted in final form October 29, 2021.
- © 2021 American Academy of Neurology
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Disputes & Debates: Rapid online correspondence
- Reader Response: Blood Pressure After Endovascular Thrombectomy and Outcomes in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: An Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis
- Rwoof Reshi, Physician, University of Oklahoma
Submitted March 13, 2022
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