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February 15, 2022; 98 (7) Contemporary Issues in Practice, Education, & Research

Accelerated Implementation of a Virtual Neurology Clerkship Amid a Global Crisis

Raghav Govindarajan, Anh-Thu N. Vu, Rachel Marie E. Salas, Alexandra Michelle Miller, David J. Sandness, Rana R. Said, View ORCID ProfileAndrew M. Southerland, Andres Fernandez, Sofia Romano, Brianna J. Sennott, View ORCID ProfileJorge Patino-Murillas, Madhu Soni, on behalf of the AAN Undergraduate Education Subcommittee and Education Committee
First published December 17, 2021, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000013222
Raghav Govindarajan
Department of Neurology (R.G.) University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; Department of Neurology (A.-T.N.V.), Drexel College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Neurology (R.M.E.S., S.R.), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (A.M.M.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; University of Rochester (D.J.S.), Rochester, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.R.S.), UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, VA; Department of Neurology (A.F.), Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Rush Medical College (B.J.S.), Chicago, IL; and The University of Texas Health Science Center (J.P.-M.), Houston, TX.
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Anh-Thu N. Vu
Department of Neurology (R.G.) University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; Department of Neurology (A.-T.N.V.), Drexel College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Neurology (R.M.E.S., S.R.), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (A.M.M.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; University of Rochester (D.J.S.), Rochester, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.R.S.), UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, VA; Department of Neurology (A.F.), Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Rush Medical College (B.J.S.), Chicago, IL; and The University of Texas Health Science Center (J.P.-M.), Houston, TX.
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Rachel Marie E. Salas
Department of Neurology (R.G.) University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; Department of Neurology (A.-T.N.V.), Drexel College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Neurology (R.M.E.S., S.R.), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (A.M.M.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; University of Rochester (D.J.S.), Rochester, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.R.S.), UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, VA; Department of Neurology (A.F.), Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Rush Medical College (B.J.S.), Chicago, IL; and The University of Texas Health Science Center (J.P.-M.), Houston, TX.
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Alexandra Michelle Miller
Department of Neurology (R.G.) University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; Department of Neurology (A.-T.N.V.), Drexel College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Neurology (R.M.E.S., S.R.), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (A.M.M.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; University of Rochester (D.J.S.), Rochester, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.R.S.), UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, VA; Department of Neurology (A.F.), Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Rush Medical College (B.J.S.), Chicago, IL; and The University of Texas Health Science Center (J.P.-M.), Houston, TX.
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David J. Sandness
Department of Neurology (R.G.) University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; Department of Neurology (A.-T.N.V.), Drexel College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Neurology (R.M.E.S., S.R.), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (A.M.M.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; University of Rochester (D.J.S.), Rochester, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.R.S.), UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, VA; Department of Neurology (A.F.), Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Rush Medical College (B.J.S.), Chicago, IL; and The University of Texas Health Science Center (J.P.-M.), Houston, TX.
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Rana R. Said
Department of Neurology (R.G.) University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; Department of Neurology (A.-T.N.V.), Drexel College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Neurology (R.M.E.S., S.R.), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (A.M.M.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; University of Rochester (D.J.S.), Rochester, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.R.S.), UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, VA; Department of Neurology (A.F.), Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Rush Medical College (B.J.S.), Chicago, IL; and The University of Texas Health Science Center (J.P.-M.), Houston, TX.
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Andrew M. Southerland
Department of Neurology (R.G.) University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; Department of Neurology (A.-T.N.V.), Drexel College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Neurology (R.M.E.S., S.R.), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (A.M.M.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; University of Rochester (D.J.S.), Rochester, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.R.S.), UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, VA; Department of Neurology (A.F.), Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Rush Medical College (B.J.S.), Chicago, IL; and The University of Texas Health Science Center (J.P.-M.), Houston, TX.
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  • ORCID record for Andrew M. Southerland
Andres Fernandez
Department of Neurology (R.G.) University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; Department of Neurology (A.-T.N.V.), Drexel College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Neurology (R.M.E.S., S.R.), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (A.M.M.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; University of Rochester (D.J.S.), Rochester, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.R.S.), UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, VA; Department of Neurology (A.F.), Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Rush Medical College (B.J.S.), Chicago, IL; and The University of Texas Health Science Center (J.P.-M.), Houston, TX.
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Sofia Romano
Department of Neurology (R.G.) University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; Department of Neurology (A.-T.N.V.), Drexel College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Neurology (R.M.E.S., S.R.), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (A.M.M.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; University of Rochester (D.J.S.), Rochester, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.R.S.), UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, VA; Department of Neurology (A.F.), Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Rush Medical College (B.J.S.), Chicago, IL; and The University of Texas Health Science Center (J.P.-M.), Houston, TX.
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Brianna J. Sennott
Department of Neurology (R.G.) University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; Department of Neurology (A.-T.N.V.), Drexel College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Neurology (R.M.E.S., S.R.), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (A.M.M.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; University of Rochester (D.J.S.), Rochester, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.R.S.), UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, VA; Department of Neurology (A.F.), Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Rush Medical College (B.J.S.), Chicago, IL; and The University of Texas Health Science Center (J.P.-M.), Houston, TX.
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Jorge Patino-Murillas
Department of Neurology (R.G.) University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; Department of Neurology (A.-T.N.V.), Drexel College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Neurology (R.M.E.S., S.R.), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (A.M.M.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; University of Rochester (D.J.S.), Rochester, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.R.S.), UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, VA; Department of Neurology (A.F.), Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Rush Medical College (B.J.S.), Chicago, IL; and The University of Texas Health Science Center (J.P.-M.), Houston, TX.
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Madhu Soni
Department of Neurology (R.G.) University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; Department of Neurology (A.-T.N.V.), Drexel College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Neurology (R.M.E.S., S.R.), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (A.M.M.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; University of Rochester (D.J.S.), Rochester, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.R.S.), UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, VA; Department of Neurology (A.F.), Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Rush Medical College (B.J.S.), Chicago, IL; and The University of Texas Health Science Center (J.P.-M.), Houston, TX.
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Department of Neurology (R.G.) University of Missouri, Columbia, MO; Department of Neurology (A.-T.N.V.), Drexel College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Neurology (R.M.E.S., S.R.), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (A.M.M.), Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; University of Rochester (D.J.S.), Rochester, NY; Department of Pediatrics (R.R.S.), UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (A.M.S.), University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, VA; Department of Neurology (A.F.), Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Rush Medical College (B.J.S.), Chicago, IL; and The University of Texas Health Science Center (J.P.-M.), Houston, TX.
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Accelerated Implementation of a Virtual Neurology Clerkship Amid a Global Crisis
Raghav Govindarajan, Anh-Thu N. Vu, Rachel Marie E. Salas, Alexandra Michelle Miller, David J. Sandness, Rana R. Said, Andrew M. Southerland, Andres Fernandez, Sofia Romano, Brianna J. Sennott, Jorge Patino-Murillas, Madhu Soni, on behalf of the AAN Undergraduate Education Subcommittee and Education Committee
Neurology Feb 2022, 98 (7) 279-286; DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000013222

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Abstract

The standard neurology clinical experience in medical school focuses primarily on bedside patient encounters; however, the limitations of the clinical environment due to the current COVID-19 pandemic have accelerated the need for virtual curriculum development. To provide guidance to Neurology clerkship directors during this unprecedented time, the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) Undergraduate Education Subcommittee (UES) formed a workgroup to develop an outline for a virtual curriculum, provide recommendations, and describe models of integrating virtual curricula into the neurology clerkship. In this overview, we discuss different methods of virtual instruction, hybrid models of clerkship training and the challenges to its implementation, professionalism issues, and modification of feedback and assessment techniques specific to the virtual learning environment. We also offer suggestions for implementation of a hybrid virtual curriculum into the neurology clerkship. The virtual curriculum is intended to supplement the core neurology in-person clinical experience and should not be used for shortening or replacing the required neurology clinical clerkship.

Glossary

AAMC=
Association of American Medical Colleges;
CNCD=
Consortium of Neurology Clerkship Directors;
PPE=
personal protective equipment;
UES=
Undergraduate Education Subcommittee

Footnotes

  • * These authors contributed equally as first authors.

  • Go to Neurology.org/N for full disclosures. Funding information and disclosures deemed relevant by the authors, if any, are provided at the end of the article.

  • AAN Undergraduate Education Subcommittee and Education Committee coinvestigators are listed at links.lww.com/WNL/B717.

  • Received December 13, 2020.
  • Accepted in final form December 8, 2021.
  • © 2021 American Academy of Neurology
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Glossary
    • Methods of Instruction in a Virtual Curriculum
    • Virtual Clerkship Models
    • Tele-Assessment and Feedback
    • Teaching Professionalism and Webside Manner
    • Challenges and Limitations of a Virtual Curriculum
    • Future Integration Into Clerkships
    • Conclusion
    • Study Funding
    • Disclosure
    • Acknowledgment
    • Appendix 1 Authors
    • Appendix 2 Coinvestigators
    • Footnotes
    • References
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