RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Valproic acid efficacy, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics in neonates with intractable seizures
JF Neurology
JO Neurology
FD Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
SP 467
OP 467
DO 10.1212/WNL.38.3.467
VO 38
IS 3
A1 Gal, Peter
A1 Oles, Karen S.
A1 Gilman, Jamie T.
A1 Weaver, Richard
YR 1988
UL http://n.neurology.org/content/38/3/467.abstract
AB Six neonates with prolonged, intractable seizures were treated with valproic acid (VPA). Each patient had received maximum doses of phenobarbital (>40 μg/ml), and five patients received at least two additional anticonvulsants, without success. Seizure activity was controlled in five of six (83%) cases. In four cases, all other anticonvulsants could be withdrawn, and seizures were controlled on VPA monotherapy. VPA was discontinued in three patients because of VPA-induced hyperammonemia. VPA pharmacokinetic measurements were as follows: for total VPA, volume of distribution (V) = 0.40 l/kg (range, 0.36 to 0.47 l/kg), serum clearance (Cl) = 14.4 ml/h/kg (5.5 to 18.2 ml/h/kg), half-life (T½) = 26.4 hours (8.6 to 48.5); for unbound VPA, V = 2.02 l/kg (1.14 to 2.44 l/kg), Cl = 108.9 ml/h/kg (42.0 to 252.0 ml/h/kg). T½ = 17.6 hours (6.7 to 34.2). VPA free fraction ranged from 11.3 to 31.6% (mean, 19.2%).